摘要：
Toxicology and Industrial Health, Volume 40, Issue 1-2, Page 23-32, January-February 2024. <br/>This toxicology study was conducted to assess the impact of formaldehyde, a common air pollutant found in Chinese gymnasiums, on the brain function of athletes. In this research, a total of 24 Balb/c male mice of SPF-grade were divided into four groups, each consisting of six mice. The mice were exposed to formaldehyde at different concentrations, including 0 mg/m3, 0.5 mg/m3, 3.0 mg/m3, and 3.0 mg/m3 in combination with an injection of L-NMMA (NG-monomethyl-L-arginine), which is a nitric oxide synthase antagonist. Following a one-week test period (8 h per day, over 7 days), measurements of biomarkers related to the nitric oxide (NO)/cGMP-cAMP signaling pathway were carried out on the experimental animals post-treatment. The study found that: (1) Exposure to formaldehyde can lead to brain cell apoptosis and neurotoxicity; (2) Additionally, formaldehyde exposure was found to alter the biomarkers of the NO/cGMP-cAMP signaling pathway, with some changes being statistically significant (p < 0.05 or p < 0.01); (3) The use of L-NMMA, an antagonist of the NO/cGMP-cAMP signaling pathway, was found to prevent these biomarker changes and had a protective effect on brain cells. The study suggests that the negative impact of formaldehyde on the brain function of mice is linked to the regulation of the NO/cGMP-cAMP signaling pathway.
作者机构：
[Wang, Xin-Wei; Jiang, Hai-Bo; Liu, Ling-Mei; Yong, Cheng-Wen] Ningbo Univ, Sch Marine Sci, Key Lab Marine Biotechnol Zhejiang Prov, Ningbo, Zhejiang, Peoples R China.;[Wang, Xin-Wei; Jiang, Hai-Bo; Yong, Cheng-Wen] Southern Marine Sci & Engn Guangdong Lab Zhuhai, Zhuhai, Guangdong, Peoples R China.;[Jiang, Hai-Bo; Liu, Ling-Mei; Deng, Bin] Cent China Normal Univ, Sch Life Sci, Wuhan, Hubei, Peoples R China.;[Jiang, Hai-Bo] Minist Nat Resources, Inst Oceanog 2, State Key Lab Satellite Ocean Environm Dynam, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, Peoples R China.
通讯机构：
[Xin-Wei Wang; Hai-Bo Jiang] K;Key Laboratory of Marine Biotechnology of Zhejiang Province, School of Marine Science, Ningbo University, Ningbo, Zhejiang, China<&wdkj&>Southern Marine Science and Engineering Guangdong Laboratory (Zhuhai), Zhuhai, Guangdong, China<&wdkj&>Key Laboratory of Marine Biotechnology of Zhejiang Province, School of Marine Science, Ningbo University, Ningbo, Zhejiang, China<&wdkj&>Southern Marine Science and Engineering Guangdong Laboratory (Zhuhai), Zhuhai, Guangdong, China<&wdkj&>School of Life Sciences, Central China Normal University, Wuhan, Hubei, China<&wdkj&>State Key Laboratory of Satellite Ocean Environment Dynamics, Second Institute of Oceanography, Ministry of Natural Resources, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
作者机构：
[Li, Yiming; Niu, Meiling; Yang, Jiaxue; Zhang, Jinyu; Li, Yuanyi; Li, YM; Du, Jiacong; Zhang, Jun] Hebei Univ, Inst Life Sci & Green Dev, Sch Life Sci, Baoding 071002, Peoples R China.;[Li, Yiming; Song, Tianjian; Wang, Siqi; Luo, Zexu; Li, Wenhao; Li, YM; Deng, Teng] Chinese Acad Sci, Inst Zool, Key Lab Anim Ecol & Conservat Biol, 1 Beichen West Rd, Beijing 100101, Peoples R China.;[Li, Yiming; Song, Tianjian; Wang, Siqi; Luo, Zexu; Li, Wenhao; Li, YM; Deng, Teng] Univ Chinese Acad Sci, Beijing 100049, Peoples R China.;[Blackburn, Tim M.] UCL, Ctr Biodivers & Environm Res, Gower St, London WC1E 6BT, England.;[Blackburn, Tim M.] Zool Soc London, Inst Zool, Regents Pk, London NW1 4RY, England.
通讯机构：
[Li, YM ] H;Hebei Univ, Inst Life Sci & Green Dev, Sch Life Sci, Baoding 071002, Peoples R China.;Chinese Acad Sci, Inst Zool, Key Lab Anim Ecol & Conservat Biol, 1 Beichen West Rd, Beijing 100101, Peoples R China.;Univ Chinese Acad Sci, Beijing 100049, Peoples R China.
摘要：
The global trade in live wildlife elevates the risk of biological invasions by increasing colonization pressure (the number of alien species introduced to an area). Yet, our understanding of species traded as aliens remains limited. We created a comprehensive global database on live terrestrial vertebrate trade and use it to investigate the number of traded alien species, and correlates of establishment richness for aliens. We identify 7,780 species involved in this trade globally. Approximately 85.7% of these species are traded as aliens, and 12.2% of aliens establish populations. Countries with greater trading power, higher incomes, and larger human populations import more alien species. These countries, along with island nations, emerge as hotspots for establishment richness of aliens. Colonization pressure and insularity consistently promote establishment richness across countries, while socio-economic factors impact specific taxa. Governments must prioritize policies to mitigate the release or escape of traded animals and protect global biosecurity. This study compiled a comprehensive global database on live terrestrial vertebrate trade and used it to investigate traded alien species. The authors identify 7,780 species involved in trade globally and show that countries with greater trading power, higher incomes and larger human populations import more alien species, which emerge as hotspots for establishment richness of aliens.
作者机构：
[Li, Jun; Wu, Hua; Fu, Chao; Zhao, Mian; Ai, Qingbo; Xie, Siyu; Huang, Chunhua] Cent China Normal Univ, Inst Evolut & Ecol, Int Res Ctr Ecol & Environm, Sch Life Sci, Wuhan, Hubei, Peoples R China.;[Fu, Jinzhong] Univ Guelph, Dept Integrat Biol, Guelph, ON, Canada.
通讯机构：
[Hua Wu; Hua Wu Hua Wu Hua Wu] I;Institute of Evolution and Ecology, International Research Centre of Ecology and Environment, School of Life Sciences, Central China Normal University, Wuhan, Hubei, China
关键词：
demographic history;East Asia;geographical barriers;geographical corridors;palaeoclimatic changes;population-level process
摘要：
Geographical features and palaeoclimatic fluctuations are two classical evolutionary forces that shape genetic diversification within species. Fine-grained analysis of the mechanisms involved through population demographic processes, however, remains limited. Taking advantage of two recently published reference genomes, we resequenced the genomes and examined the evolutionary history of the moustache toads, a group endemic to East Asia where complex topography and fluctuating palaeoclimate are known to have had profound impacts on organisms. Moustache toads probably originated in southeast Yunnan, China, and diversified towards the northwestern of Yunnan, as well as central and eastern China. Further exploration based on three widespread species (Leptobrachium ailaonicum, L. boringii and L. liui) using demographic modelling and species distribution models revealed that mountains and river valleys in East Asia not only functioned as geographical barriers, but also provided dispersal corridors and facilitated continuous migration or post-glacial secondary contact among moustache toad populations. Furthermore, periodic oscillation of effective population sizes accompanying fluctuations of historical temperature and population contraction at the Last Glacial Maximum support the widespread impact of climatic changes of the Pleistocene on species diversification in East Asia. This impact was moderate for populations of L. ailaonicum and L. boringii in the southwestern mountains but severe for populations of L. liui in the eastern lowland regions of continental East Asia, which is supported by different degrees of change of their effective population sizes. Our findings reveal mechanisms underlying genetic diversification among moustache toads, and highlight the power of genomic data and demographic modelling for examining complex historical population-level processes and for understanding how geographical and palaeoclimatic factors interactively shape current intraspecific diversity.
关键词：
active season;environmental bacterial reservoir;hibernation;neutral model;Pseudogymnoascus destructans;skin microbiota
摘要：
Skin microbiota play an important role in protecting bat hosts from the fungal pathogen Pseudogymnoascus destructans, which has caused dramatic bat population declines and extinctions. Recent studies have provided insights into the bacterial communities of bat skin, but variation in skin bacterial community structure in the context of the seasonal dynamics of fungal invasion, as well as the processes that drive such variation, remain largely unexplored. In this study, we characterized bat skin microbiota over the course of the bat hibernation and active season stages and used a neutral model of community ecology to determine the relative roles of neutral and selective processes in driving microbial community variation. Our results showed significant seasonal shifts in skin community structure, as well as less diverse microbiota in hibernation than in the active season. Skin microbiota were influenced by the environmental bacterial reservoir. During both the hibernation and active season stages, more than 78% of ASVs in bat skin microbiota were consistent with neutral distribution, implying that neutral processes, that is, dispersal or ecological drift contributing the most to shifts in skin microbiota. In addition, the neutral model showed that some ASVs were actively selected by the bats from the environmental bacterial reservoir, accounting for approximately 20% and 31% of the total community during hibernation and active season stages, respectively. Overall, this research provides insights into the assemblage of bat-associated bacterial communities and will aid in the development of conservation strategies against fungal disease.
摘要：
As a common adverse environmental factor, heat stress (HS) not only drastically changes the plant transcriptome at the transcription level but also increases alternative splicing (AS), especially intron retention (IR) events. However, the exact mechanisms are not yet well understood. Here, we reported that NTC-related protein 1 (NTR1), which acts as an accessory component for spliceosome disassembly, is necessary for this process. The mutants of NTR1, both the T-DNA insertion and the point mutation identified through ethyl methanesulfonate (EMS) mutagenesis screening, are vulnerable to HS, indicating that NTR1 is essential for plant HS tolerance. At the molecular level, genes of response to heat and response to temperature stimulus are highly enriched among those of heat-induced but less-expressed ntr1 mutants. Moreover, a large portion of HS response (HSR) genes such as heat shock transcription factors (HSFs) and heat shock proteins (HSPs) are less induced by heat treatment, and more AS events, especially IR events, were found in heat-treated ntr1 mutants. Furthermore, HS suppressed the expression of NTR1 and NTR1-associated complex components. Thus, it is very likely that upon HS, the plant reduces the expression of the NTR1-associated complex to fulfill the fast demands for transcription of HSR genes such as HSFs and HSPs, which in turn results in the accumulation of improperly spliced especially IR products and eventually causes harm to plants.
作者机构：
[Liao, Cai-Yi; Liu, Wen-Cheng; Song, Ru-Feng; Chen, Hui-Hui; Zhang, Yu; Guo, Jia-Xing; Lu, Kai-Kai; Zuo, Jia-Xin; Hu, Xiao-Yu] Henan Univ, Coll Life Sci, Collaborat Innovat Ctr Crop Stress Biol, State Key Lab Crop Stress Adaptat & Improvement, Kaifeng 475004, Peoples R China.;[Ren, Feng] Cent China Normal Univ, Sch Life Sci, Hubei Key Lab Genet Regulat & Integrat Biol, Wuhan 430079, Peoples R China.;[Lu, Ying-Tang] Wuhan Univ, Coll Life Sci, State Key Lab Hybrid Rice, Wuhan, Peoples R China.
通讯机构：
[Wen-Cheng Liu] S;State Key Laboratory of Crop Stress Adaptation and Improvement, Collaborative Innovation Center of Crop Stress Biology, College of Life Sciences, Henan University , Kaifeng 475004 , China
摘要：
SALT OVERLY SENSITIVE1 (SOS1) is a key component of plant salt tolerance. However, how SOS1 transcription is dynamically regulated in plant response to different salinity conditions remains elusive. Here, we report that C-type Cyclin1;1 (CycC1;1) negatively regulates salt tolerance by interfering with WRKY75-mediated transcriptional activation of SOS1 in Arabidopsis (Arabidopsis thaliana). Disruption of CycC1;1 promotes SOS1 expression and salt tolerance in Arabidopsis because CycC1;1 interferes with RNA polymerase II recruitment by occupying the SOS1 promoter. Enhanced salt tolerance of the cycc1;1 mutant was completely compromised by an SOS1 mutation. Moreover, CycC1;1 physically interacts with the transcription factor WRKY75, which can bind to the SOS1 promoter and activate SOS1 expression. In contrast to the cycc1;1 mutant, the wrky75 mutant has attenuated SOS1 expression and salt tolerance, whereas overexpression of SOS1 rescues the salt sensitivity of wrky75. Intriguingly, CycC1;1 inhibits WRKY75-mediated transcriptional activation of SOS1 via their interaction. Thus, increased SOS1 expression and salt tolerance in cycc1;1 were abolished by WRKY75 mutation. Our findings demonstrate that CycC1;1 forms a complex with WRKY75 to inactivate SOS1 transcription under low salinity conditions. By contrast, under high salinity conditions, SOS1 transcription and plant salt tolerance are activated at least partially by increased WRKY75 expression but decreased CycC1;1 expression. CycC1;1 forms a transcriptional repression complex with the transcription factor WRKY75 to downregulate SOS1 expression, thereby negatively regulating salt stress tolerance in Arabidopsis.
摘要：
Genome streamlining, as a natural process in the evolution of microbes, has become a common approach for generating ideal chassis cells for synthetic biology studies and industrial applications. However, systematic genome reduction remains a bottleneck in the generation of such chassis cells with cyanobacteria, due to very time-consuming genetic manipulations. Synechococcus elongatus PCC 7942, a unicellular cyanobacterium, is a candidate for systematic genome reduction, as its essential and nonessential genes have been experimentally identified. Here, we report that at least 20 of the 23 over 10 kb nonessential gene regions could be deleted and that stepwise deletions of these regions could be achieved. A septuple-deletion mutant (genome reduced by 3.8%) was generated, and the effects of genome reduction on the growth and genome-wide transcription were investigated. In the ancestral triple to sextuple mutants (b, c, d, e1), an increasingly large number of genes (up to 998) were upregulated relative to the wild type, while slightly fewer genes (831) were upregulated in the septuple mutant (f). In a different sextuple mutant (e2) derived from the quintuple mutant d, much fewer genes (232) were upregulated. Under the standard conditions in this study, the mutant e2 showed a higher growth rate than the wild type, e1 and f. Our results indicate that it is feasible to extensively reduce the genomes of cyanobacteria for generation of chassis cells and for experimental evolutionary studies.
作者机构：
[Tang, Ju; Huang, Shuang-Quan; Sun, Shi-Guo; Huang, SQ] Cent China Normal Univ, Sch Life Sci, Inst Evolut & Ecol, Wuhan 430079, Peoples R China.;[Tang, Ju] Anhui Normal Univ, Coll Life Sci, Wuhu 241000, Anhui, Peoples R China.
通讯机构：
[Huang, SQ ] C;Cent China Normal Univ, Sch Life Sci, Inst Evolut & Ecol, Wuhan 430079, Peoples R China.
关键词：
biodiversity hotspot;experimental sympatry;interspecific pollen flow;Pedicularis;pollen–pistil interaction;pre- and post-zygotic reproductive barriers;sister species
摘要：
Although mechanical isolation mediated by shared pollinators has been considered as a classic model of pollinator-mediated floral isolation in Pedicularis, a superdiverse genus in Hengduan Mountains, southwest China, there has been no empirical study of interspecific pollen flow between closely related species. We examined reproductive barriers at six different stages between Pedicularis cranolopha and Pedicularis tricolor, two sister species. The two sister species were geographically isolated from each other based on our field survey and the records of herbarium specimens. Translocation experiments showed that flowering phenology partly overlapped and bumblebee pollinators did not discriminate between flowers of the two species. Bumblebee interspecific moves could mediate interspecific pollination as traced using fluorescent powder, in which pollen analogs placed on one species were transferred to the stigmas of the other species in experimental plots containing both species. Heterospecific pollen tubes grew in the style as well as conspecific pollen in hand-pollination experiments. Reciprocal hybridization between the two species could produce (partially) viable seeds, suggesting weak post-pollination barriers. Our results showed that geographic isolation was an important barrier of two species, and the total reproductive isolation between two species was incomplete when without geographical isolation. The formation of Big Snow Mountains could introduce an important pre-zygotic reproductive barrier between the two sister species of Pedicularis; such geographical isolation could be responsible for allopatric speciation, giving a clue to understanding the rapid radiation on mountain areas.
期刊：
American Journal of Botany,2023年110(1) ISSN：0002-9122
作者机构：
[Huang, Shuang-Quan; Xu, Qi; Hao, Kai] Cent China Normal Univ, Inst Evolut & Ecol, Sch Life Sci, Wuhan 430079, Peoples R China.;[Hao, Kai] Chinese Acad Sci, Key Lab Plant Resources Conservat & Sustainable Ut, South China Bot Garden, Guangzhou 510650, Peoples R China.
关键词：
Geranium;chemical defense;generalist insects;pollen feeding;pollen grain size;pollen nutrition;pollen transfer efficiency
摘要：
PREMISE: Why have pollen grains evolved to be exceptionally large in some species? Pollen feeding hypothesis suggests that if the proportion of pollen amounts for feeding is reduced in a flower, the low allocation to pollen number would allow pollen grains to be larger. METHODS: To examine whether species with large pollen grains experience low pollen consumption, the behavior of insects feeding on nectar and pollen was observed and pollen transfer efficiency was estimated for four visitor types in Geranium delavayi. To see whether bees actively collected pollen, the numbers of grains in pollen baskets and on the body were compared. Both nutritional value (total protein and lipid) and chemical defense (phenolic metabolites) in pollen against pollen feeders were measured. RESULTS: Bumblebees and honeybees foraged for nectar, rarely groomed pollen into corbiculae, and had > 5× higher pollen transfer efficiency than smaller solitary bees and flies, which were pollen eaters that removed more pollen but deposited less. Pollen grains were characterized by low protein and high lipid content with a low protein-lipid ratio, an unfavorable combination for bumblebees. Three secondary metabolites were significantly higher in pollen grains (7.77 mg/g) than in petals (1.08 mg/g) and in nectar (0.44 mg/g), suggesting stronger chemical defense in pollen. CONCLUSIONS: Our results indicated that large bees took nectar but little of the nutritionally poor and highly toxic pollen. These data support one prediction of the pollen feeding hypothesis, that species with few and large pollen grains would also have low pollen consumption rates. This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved.
期刊：
Cell Communication and Signaling,2023年21(1):1-7 ISSN：1478-811X
通讯作者：
Ting Zhao
作者机构：
[Jin, Jian] Anhui Normal Univ, Sch Educ Sci, Wuhu 241000, Peoples R China.;[Zhao, Ting] Cent China Normal Univ, Sch Life Sci, Hubei Key Lab Genet Regulat & Integrat Biol, Wuhan 430079, Peoples R China.
通讯机构：
[Zhao, Ting] S;School of Life Science, Hubei Key Laboratory of Genetic Regulation and Integrative Biology, Central China Normal University, Wuhan, 430079, People's Republic of China.
关键词：
Niche;Drosophila;Hippo;Insulin;Ovary
摘要：
Adult stem cells have a unique ability to self-renew and to generate differentiated daughter cells that are required in the body tissues. The identity of adult stem cells is maintained by extrinsic signals from other cell types, known as niche cells. Thus, the niche is required for appropriate tissue homeostasis. Niche is formed and recruits stem cells during tissue development; therefore, it is essential to establish niche cells and stem cells in proper numbers during development. A small niche may recruit too few stem cells and cause tissue degeneration, while a large niche may maintain too many stem cells and lead to tumorigenesis. Given that vertebrate tissues are not suitable for large-scale forward genetics studies, the Drosophila ovary stands out as an excellent model for studying how multiple niche cell types and germ cells (GCs) are coordinately regulated in vivo. Recent studies are beginning to reveal how various signaling molecules regulate niche formation and how niche cells non-autonomously influence GC number. In this review, we summarize the ovarian niche structure, the key signaling pathways for niche formation, and how niche cells generate extrinsic factors to control GC proliferation during ovarian development.
通讯作者：
Cuihong Wan<&wdkj&>Cuihong Wan Cuihong Wan Cuihong Wan
作者机构：
[Wan, Cuihong; Huwanixi, Aishuake; Peng, Zhao] Cent China Normal Univ, Sch Life Sci, Wuhan, Hubei, Peoples R China.;[Wan, Cuihong; Huwanixi, Aishuake; Peng, Zhao] Cent China Normal Univ, Hubei Key Lab Genet Regulat & Integrat Biol, Wuhan, Hubei, Peoples R China.;[Wan, Cuihong] Cent China Normal Univ, Sch Life Sci, 152 Luoyu Rd, Wuhan 430079, Peoples R China.;[Wan, Cuihong] Cent China Normal Univ, Hubei Key Lab Genet Regulat & Integrat Biol, 152 Luoyu Rd, Wuhan 430079, Peoples R China.
通讯机构：
[Cuihong Wan; Cuihong Wan Cuihong Wan Cuihong Wan] S;School of Life Sciences and Hubei Key Laboratory of Genetic Regulation and Integrative Biology, Central China Normal University, Wuhan, Hubei, PR China
摘要：
Nostoc flagelliforme, a terrestrial cyanobacterium spread throughout arid and semi-arid areas, has been long known for its outstanding adaptability to extremely dry conditions. This microorganism is able to recover biological activities within hours after months of anhydrobiosis state, attracting investigation through proteomic analysis. Except for canonical proteome, microproteins encoded by small ORFs (smORFs) have recently been regarded as indispensable participants in metabolic processes. However, the involvement of smORFs in N. flagelliforme remains unknown. Here we first constructed a smORF database in N. flagelliforme using bioinformatic prediction, resulting in 6072 novel smORFs. Then LS-MS/MS analysis was applied to identify expression patterns of microproteins and seek smORFs and their encoded microprotein playing a role during rehydration. In total, 18 novel microproteins were mined based on a smORF searching strategy combined with three proteomic assays, of which five were annotated as ribosomal proteins, one as RNA polymerase subunit, and one as acetohydroxy acid isomeroreductase. We also suggested the possible functions of smORFs according to their expression pattern and discovered two neighboring and homologous smORFs. All these results will expand our knowledge of smORFs-encoded microproteins and their relation to the stress response of extremophilic microorganisms.
作者机构：
[Yang, Yi-Wen; Chen, Si-Zhuo; Huang, Da; Qiu, Bao-Sheng; Yu, Chen; Liu, Ke; Qiu, BS] Cent China Normal Univ, Sch Life Sci, Wuhan 430079, Hubei, Peoples R China.;[Yang, Yi-Wen; Chen, Si-Zhuo; Huang, Da; Qiu, Bao-Sheng; Yu, Chen; Liu, Ke; Qiu, BS] Cent China Normal Univ, Hubei Key Lab Genet Regulat & Integrat Biol, Wuhan 430079, Hubei, Peoples R China.;[Yang, Yi-Wen] Jiujiang Univ, Coll Pharm & Life Sci, Jiujiang 332000, Jiangxi, Peoples R China.;[Chen, Min] Univ Sydney, Sch Life & Environm Sci, Sydney, NSW 2006, Australia.
通讯机构：
[Chen, M ] U;[Qiu, BS ] C;Cent China Normal Univ, Sch Life Sci, Wuhan 430079, Hubei, Peoples R China.;Cent China Normal Univ, Hubei Key Lab Genet Regulat & Integrat Biol, Wuhan 430079, Hubei, Peoples R China.;Univ Sydney, Sch Life & Environm Sci, Sydney, NSW 2006, Australia.
摘要：
Expanded orange carotenoid protein paralogs in subaerial Nostoc species functionally specialize as singlet oxygen quenchers or phycobilisome fluorescence quenchers to survive desiccation tolerance. Orange carotenoid protein (OCP) is a photoactive protein that participates in the photoprotection of cyanobacteria. There are 2 full-length OCP proteins, 4 N-terminal paralogs (helical carotenoid protein [HCP]), and 1 C-terminal domain-like carotenoid protein (CCP) found in Nostoc flagelliforme, a desert cyanobacterium. All HCPs (HCP1 to 3 and HCP6) from N. flagelliforme demonstrated their excellent singlet oxygen quenching activities, in which HCP2 was the strongest singlet oxygen quencher compared with others. Two OCPs, OCPx1 and OCPx2, were not involved in singlet oxygen scavenging; instead, they functioned as phycobilisome fluorescence quenchers. The fast-acting OCPx1 showed more effective photoactivation and stronger phycobilisome fluorescence quenching compared with OCPx2, which behaved differently from all reported OCP paralogs. The resolved crystal structure and mutant analysis revealed that Trp111 and Met125 play essential roles in OCPx2, which is dominant and long acting. The resolved crystal structure of OCPx2 is maintained in a monomer state and showed more flexible regulation in energy quenching activities compared with the packed oligomer of OCPx1. The recombinant apo-CCP obtained the carotenoid pigment from holo-HCPs and holo-OCPx1 of N. flagelliforme. No such carotenoid transferring processes were observed between apo-CCP and holo-OCPx2. The close phylogenetic relationship of OCP paralogs from subaerial Nostoc species indicates an adaptive evolution toward development of photoprotection: protecting cellular metabolism against singlet oxygen damage using HCPs and against excess energy captured by active phycobilisomes using 2 different working modes of OCPx.
期刊：
Journal of Translational Medicine,2023年21(1):1-18 ISSN：1479-5876
通讯作者：
Zhenbo Song<&wdkj&>Lei Liu
作者机构：
[Sun, Ying; Li, Jingyi; Wang, Guannan; Huang, Yanxin; Zheng, Lihua; Song, Zhenbo; Yang, Qifang; Liu, Lei; Zhang, Ming] Northeast Normal Univ, Natl Engn Lab Druggable Gene & Prot Screening, Changchun, Peoples R China.;[Li, Aoqiang; Zhang, Ming] Cent China Normal Univ, Sch Life Sci, Hubei Key Lab Genet Regulat & Integrat Biol, Wuhan, Peoples R China.;[Zhang, Muqing] Univ Illinois, Sch Mol & Cellular Biol, Urbana, IL USA.
通讯机构：
[Zhenbo Song; Lei Liu] N;National Engineering Laboratory for Druggable Gene and Protein Screening, Northeast Normal University, Changchun, China<&wdkj&>National Engineering Laboratory for Druggable Gene and Protein Screening, Northeast Normal University, Changchun, China
摘要：
The realization of the “microbiota–gut–brain” axis plays a critical role in neuropsychiatric disorders, particularly depression, is advancing rapidly. Matrine is a natural bioactive compound, which has been found to possess potential antidepressant effect. However, the underlying mechanisms of regulation of the “microbiota–gut–brain” axis in the treatment of depression by oral matrine remain elusive. Its antidepressant effects were initially evaluated by behavioral tests and relative levels of monoamine neurotransmitters, and matrine has been observed to attenuate the depression-like behavior and increase neurotransmitter content in CUMS-induced mice. Subsequently, studies from the “gut” to “brain” were conducted, including detection of the composition of gut microbiota by 16S rRNA sequencing; the metabolomics detection of gut metabolites and the analysis of differential metabolic pathways; the assessment of relative levels of diamine oxidase, lipopolysaccharide, pro-inflammatory cytokines, and brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) by ELISA kits or immunofluorescence. Matrine could regulate the disturbance of gut microbiota and metabolites, restore intestinal permeability, and reduce intestinal inflammation, thereby reducing the levels of pro-inflammatory cytokines in peripheral blood circulation and brain regions, and ultimately increase the levels of BDNF in brain. Matrine may ameliorate CUMS-induced depression in mice by modulating the “microbiota–gut–brain” axis.
摘要：
Engleromyces goetzei Henn (EgH) is a natural fungus that has been used as a traditional edible and medicine for long time in Southwest China. Our study found EgH aqueous extract (EgH‐AE) has very strong activities on antioxidant and anti‐inflammation. At the same time, we also found EgH‐AE has good biocompatibility and cell protective function, so it is biosafe, EgH‐AE may have the prospect of developing into functional beverage. Abstract High body mass index (high BMI, obesity) is a serious public health problem, and “obesity‐induced oxidative stress, inflammation, and cancer” have become modern epidemic diseases. We carried out this study to explore a functional beverage that may protect against obesity‐induced diseases. The Engleromyces goetzei Henn herbal tea is such a candidate. For this study, we carried out LC–MS analysis of E. goetzei Henn aqueous extract (EgH‐AE); then used the Caco‐2 cell line for the model cells and treated the cells with t‐BHP to form an oxidative stress system. An MTT assay was used for testing the biocompatibility and cytoprotective effects; reactive oxygen species and malondialdehyde determination was used for evaluating the antioxidative stress effect; TNF‐α and IL‐1β were used for observing the anti‐inflammatory effect, and 8‐OHdG for monitoring anticancer activity. The results of this study demonstrate that the EgH‐AE has very good biocompatibility with the Caco‐2 cell line and has good cytoprotective, antioxidant, anti‐inflammatory, and anticancer properties. It is clear that EgH‐AE, a kind of ancient herbal tea, may be used to develop a functional beverage that can be given to people with a high BMI to protect against obesity‐induced diseases.
