作者机构：
[Cheng, Ying; Liao, Chongyu; Xiao, Yutao] Chinese Acad Agr Sci, Agr Genom Inst Shenzhen, Minist Agr,Genome Anal Lab, Shenzhen Branch,Guangdong Lab Lingnan Modern Agr, Shenzhen 518120, Peoples R China.;[Wu, Kongming; Zhang, Dandan] Chinese Acad Agr Sci, Inst Plant Protect, State Key Lab Biol Plant Dis & Insect Pests, Beijing 100089, Peoples R China.;[Liu, Kaiyu; Yang, Yongbo] Cent China Normal Univ, Coll Life Sci, Wuhan, Peoples R China.
通讯机构：
[Kongming Wu; Kongming Wu Kongming Wu Kongming Wu] T;[Yutao Xiao; Yutao Xiao Yutao Xiao Yutao Xiao] S;The State Key Laboratory for Biology of Plant Disease and Insect Pests, Institute of Plant Protection, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, China<&wdkj&>Shenzhen Branch, Guangdong Laboratory for Lingnan Modern Agriculture, Genome Analysis Laboratory of the Ministry of Agriculture, Agricultural Genomics Institute at Shenzhen, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Shenzhen, China
摘要：
Evolution of resistance to Cry proteins in multiple pest insects has been threatening the sustainable use of Bacillus thuringiensis (Bt)-transgenic crops. Better understanding about the mechanism of resistance to Cry proteins in insects is needed. Our preliminary study reported that the transcription of HaABCC3 was significantly decreased in a near-isogenic line (LFC2) of a Cry1Ac-resistant strain (LF60) of the global pest Helicoverpa armigera. However, the causality between HaABCC3 down-regulation and resistance to Cry1Ac remains to be verified, and the regulatory mechanism underlying the HaABCC3 down-regulation is still unclear. In this study, our data showed that both HaABCC3 and HaABCC3 down-regulation were genetically linked to resistance to Cry1Ac in LF60. However, no InDels were observed in the coding sequence of HaABCC3 from LF60. Furthermore, F1 offspring from the cross of LF60 and a HaABCC2/3-knockout (KO) mutant exhibited moderate resistance to Cry1Ac toxin; this indicated that the high resistance to Cry1Ac toxin in LF60 may have resulted from multiple genetic factors, including HaABCC2 mis-splicing and HaABCC3 down-regulation. Results from luciferase reporter assays showed that promoter activity of HaABCC3 in LF60 was significantly lower than that in the susceptible strain, which indicated that HaABCC3 down-regulation was likely mediated by promoter variation. Consistently, multiple variations of the GATA- or FoxA-binding sites in the promoter region of HaABCC3 were identified. Collectively, all results in this study suggested that down-regulation of HaABCC3 observed in the H. armigera LF60 strain, that is resistant to Cry1Ac, may be mediated by a cis-regulatory mechanism. Down-regulation of HaABCC3 was genetically linked with resistance to Cry1Ac toxin. Offspring from cross of LF60 and HaABCC2/3-KO exhibited resistance to Cry1Ac toxin. Down-regulation of HaABCC3 was potentially mediated by cis-regulatory mechanism. This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved.
作者机构：
[Huang, Shuang-Quan; Jia, Li-Bing] Cent China Normal Univ, Inst Evolut & Ecol, Sch Life Sci, Wuhan 430079, Peoples R China.
通讯机构：
[Shuang-Quan Huang] I;Institute of Evolution and Ecology, School of Life Sciences, Central China Normal University, Wuhan, 430079 China
关键词：
among- and within-species variation in nectar production;Dendrobium;nectar properties;nectar secretion transition;nectar-rewarding
摘要：
Although an estimate of the deceptive pollination systems with nectarless flowers has been usually cited as one‐third of the nearly 30 000 species in Orchidaceae, the quantitative measurements of nectar production in orchid flowers remain scarce. The genus Dendrobium is species‐rich, economic and horticultural importance, a group of epiphytic orchids in tropics characteristic of nectar spur. Previous studies in southeastern Asia showed these Dendrobium species generally involving deceptive pollination, with an assumption these species are nectarless. Here we investigated nectar production and property in 34 Dendrobium species over two years. Reconstruction of phylogenetic relationship indicated that transition of nectar secretion occurred in the genus and nectar production was positively correlated with flower size. Given that 21 species produced sucrose‐dominant nectar, typical of bee‐pollinated flowers, an estimate of deceptive pollination systems awaits further survey of nectar or floral reward in diverse genera. Abstract Nectar, the most common floral reward, is generally used to determine whether an orchid species involves deceptive pollination. Estimates of the deceptive pollination systems with nectarless flowers have ranged from one quarter to one third of the nearly 30 000 species of orchids. These estimates, however, are biased towards temperate‐zone, usually terrestrial, orchids. Here we investigated nectar production and property in 34 epiphytic orchid species of the Southeast Asian genus Dendrobium. Twenty‐one species were observed producing nectar. The amount and sugar concentration (in bagged flowers) of 12 species varied from 0.45 to 2.78 μL and from 8.1% to 31.1%. The nectar was sucrose‐dominant, typical of bee‐pollinated flowers. Reconstruction of phylogenetic relationship indicated that transition of nectar secretion occurred in the genus. Spur length was positively correlated with flower size but species with relatively long spurs tended to produce small volume of nectar. Nectar production was strikingly variable among and within individuals in some species, suggesting that a vital measurement of bagged and fresh flowers is needed. Given that the quantitative measurement of nectar or floral reward in orchid species remains scarce, an estimate of deceptive pollination systems awaits further survey in diverse genera.
作者机构：
[Wan, Cuihong; Chen, Shenglan; Yang, Lin; Xu, Chen; Wang, Bing; Wang, Yaxuan; Yi, Lanxing] Cent China Normal Univ, Sch Life Sci, Wuhan 430079, Peoples R China.;[Wan, Cuihong; Chen, Shenglan; Yang, Lin; Xu, Chen; Wang, Bing; Wang, Yaxuan; Yi, Lanxing] Cent China Normal Univ, Hubei Key Lab Genet Regulat & Integrat Biol, Wuhan 430079, Peoples R China.;[Hu, Lucas Zhongming; Emili, Andrew] Univ Toronto, Donnelly Ctr Cellular & Biomol Res, Toronto, ON M5S 2E8, Canada.;[Emili, Andrew] Boston Univ, Dept Biochem, Boston, MA 02215 USA.;[Emili, Andrew] Boston Univ, Dept Biol, 5 Cummington St, Boston, MA 02215 USA.
通讯机构：
[Wan, Cuihong] S;School of Life Sciences and Hubei Key Laboratory of Genetic Regulation and Integrative Biology, Central China Normal University, Wuhan 430079, China. Electronic address:
摘要：
Modern accumulations of genetic data offer unprecedented opportunities for understanding the systematic classification and origins of specific groups of organisms. The genus Sinocyclocheilus is among the most cave abundant genera in Cyprinidae, with 76 recognized species, belonging to 4 species groups. Recent phylogenetic studies have shown that the classification of species groups within the genus Sinocyclocheilus remains controversial. In this study, we constructed a sequence supermatrix of 26 species from 4 species groups of the genus Sinocyclocheilus using the mitochondrial genome to reveal phylogenetic relationships, historical biogeography and patterns of species diversification in the genus Sinocyclocheilus. Phylogenetic analysis strongly supports the monophyletic groups of the 3 species groups (S. jii, S. cyphotergous, and S. tingi groups) except the S. angularis group. Phylogenetic analysis showed that S. anshuiensis and S. microphthalmus, which were recognized as numbers of S. angularis group, formed a strongly supported independent clade. Therefore, we propose a new species group, the S. microphthalmus group, which contains S. anshuiensis and S. microphthalmus. Biogeographic reconstruction suggests that the living Sinocyclocheilus may have originated in north-central Guangxi at the late Eocene and dispersed outward after a vicariance at 32.31 Million years ago (Ma). Early diversification is focused on the late Oligocene (ca. 25 Ma), which is related to the second uplift of the Qinghai-Tibetan Plateau and the lateral extrusion of the Indochina at the Oligocene/Miocene boundary. Our results suggest that 2 uplifts of the Qinghai-Tibetan Plateau and climate change in the Miocene may have influenced the diversification of the Sinocyclocheilus lineage.
作者机构：
[杨飞; 肖本泽; 南波] College of Plant Science and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, China;[张征锋] School of Life Sciences, Central China Normal University, Wuhan, 430079, China
通讯机构：
[Zhang, Z.-F.] S;School of Life Sciences, Central China Normal University, Wuhan, China
关键词：
水稻;产量;关联分析;候选基因;遗传改良
摘要：
水稻是最重要的粮食作物之一，培育高产稳产的水稻品种对于维护粮食安全至关重要，对产量相关性状的遗传解析是提高水稻产量的基础。本文从“3000份水稻核心种质重测序项目” （3K Rice Genome Project）中挑选生育期较为一致的226份核心种质资源材料考察生育期（rice growing period， RGP）、株高（plant height， PH）、有效穗数（effective panicle number， EPN）、穗长（panicle length， PL）、穗着粒密度（spikelet density， SD）、结实率（seed setting rate， SSR）、千粒重（thousand grains weight， TGW）、单株产量（yield per plant， YP）、每穗颖花数（spikelet per panicle， SP）、每穗实粒数（grains per panicle， GP） 10个主要农艺性状，结合2429 kb的高密度基因型数据进行全基因组关联分析（genome-wide association study， GWAS）。共定位到显著相关位点43个，除了qRGP7.2、qPH12、qPL6.2、qSD6.2、qTGW1.1、qGP1、qGP5.2 7个QTLs以外，其余36个QTL为本研究中定位到的新位点。此外，本研究利用单核苷酸位点功能评估的方式筛选到6个主要农艺性状相关候选基因。分别为株高相关基因LOC＿Os12g18760、有效穗数相关基因LOC＿Os03g33530、穗长相关基因LOC＿Os06g30940、千粒重相关基因LOC＿Os01g49810、单株产量相关基因LOC＿Os09g25260、穗着粒密度和每穗颖花数相关基因LOC＿Os09g32620。本研究结果将为水稻产量遗传改良提供理论参考与重要基因资源。
摘要：
The most common phenotype induced by the endosymbiont Wolbachia in insects is cytoplasmic incompatibility, where none or fewer progenies can be produced when Wolbachia-infected males mate with uninfected females. This suggests that some modifications are induced in host sperms during spermatogenesis by Wolbachia. To identify the proteins whose phosphorylation states play essential roles in male reproduction in Drosophila melanogaster, we applied isobaric tags for relative and absolute quantitation (iTRAQ)-based proteomic strategy combined with titanium dioxide (TiO2) enrichment to compare the phosphoproteome of Wolbachia-infected with that of uninfected male reproductive systems in D. melanogaster. We identified 182 phosphopeptides, defining 140 phosphoproteins, that have at least a 1.2 fold change in abundance with a P-value of <0.05. Most of the differentially abundant phosphoproteins (DAPPs) were associated with microtubule cytoskeleton organization and spermatid differentiation. The DAPPs included proteins already known to be associated with spermatogenesis, as well as many not previously studied during this process. Six genes coding for DAPPs were knocked down, respectively, in Wolbachia-free fly testes. Among them, Slmap knockdown caused the most severe damage in spermatogenesis, with no mature sperm observed in seminal vesicles. Immunofluorescence staining showed that the formation of individualization complex composed of actin cones was completely disrupted. These results suggest that Wolbachia may induce wide changes in the abundance of phosphorylated proteins which are closely related to male reproduction. By identifying phospho-modulated proteins we also provide a significant candidate set for future studies on their roles in spermatogenesis.
作者机构：
[Xu, Dongqun; Liu, Jingyi; Li, Yunpu; Li, Na; Chang, Junrui; Wang, Qin; Han, Jingxiu; Hao, Shuxin; Xu, Chunyu; Xu, Donggang; Liu, Yue; Meng, Congshen] China CDC Key Laboratory of Environment and Population Health, National Institute of Environmental Health, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing, China;[Xing, Weiwei; Fu, Wenliang; Xu, Dongqun; Xia, Wenrong] Academy of Military Medical Sciences, Academy of Military Sciences, Beijing, China;[Chen, Mingqing; Yang, Xu] Hubei Key Laboratory of Genetic Regulation and Integrative Biology, College of Life Sciences, Central China Normal University, Hubei Province, Wuhan City, China
通讯机构：
[Xu, D.] C;China CDC Key Laboratory of Environment and Population Health, China
作者机构：
[彭艳] College of Life Science, Huazhong Normal University, Wuhan, 430079, China;[孙晶远] Resources & Environment College, Tibet Agricultural and Animal Husbandry University, Nyingchi, 860000, China;[魏学红; 孙磊; 马素洁; 王向涛] Animal Science College, Tibet Agricultural and Animal Husbandry University, Nyingchi, 860000, China
通讯机构：
[Wei, X.-H.; Sun, L.] A;Animal Science College, China
摘要：
Cotton which produces natural fiber materials for the textile industry is one of the most important crops in the world. Class II KNOX proteins are often considered as transcription factors in regulating plant secondary cell wall (SCW) formation. However, the molecular mechanism of the KNOX transcription factor-regulated SCW synthesis in plants (especially in cotton) remains unclear in details so far. In this study, we show a cotton class II KNOX protein (GhKNL1) as a transcription repressor functioning in fiber development. The GhKNL1-silenced transgenic cotton produced longer fibers with thicker SCWs, whereas GhKNL1 dominant repression transgenic lines displayed the opposite fiber phenotype, compared with controls. Further experiments revealed that GhKNL1 could directly bind to promoters of GhCesA4-2/4-4/8-2 and GhMYB46 for modulating cellulose synthesis during fiber SCW development in cotton. On the other hand, GhKNL1 could also suppress expressions of GhEXPA2D/4A-1/4D-1/13A through binding to their promoters for regulating fiber elongation of cotton. Taken together, these data revealed GhKNL1 functions in fiber elongation and SCW formation by directly repressing expressions of its target genes related to cell elongation and cellulose synthesis. Thus, our data provide an effective clue for potentially improving fiber quality by genetic manipulation of GhKNL1 in cotton breeding.
