摘要：
自我生成教学(Learning by non-interactive teaching)指学习者在知识学习过程中转换角色,将自己所学知识以知识传授者角色讲解给其他人听。提取练习假设、生成性学习假设和社会临场感假设分别从记...展开更多 自我生成教学(Learning by non-interactive teaching)指学习者在知识学习过程中转换角色,将自己所学知识以知识传授者角色讲解给其他人听。提取练习假设、生成性学习假设和社会临场感假设分别从记忆巩固、生成性认知加工和社会临场感视角对学习者自我生成教学的积极作用进行了解释。汇总相关研究发现,自我生成教学的不同实施方式促进学习的效果不同,其中,以有教者形象的口头形式(如:视频)自我生成教学相比于重复学习、提取练习等简单学习任务可以有效提高学习者的即时理解、即时迁移、延迟理解和延迟迁移成绩,可能是更优的实施方式。而以无教者形象的口头形式(如:仅语音)或书面形式(如:文本)自我生成教学对学习成绩的积极影响较微弱。多媒体学习认知理论可能补充解释不同实施方式促进效果的差异。自我生成教学的学习者还可以体验到更高的动机和愉悦感并愿意在教学时投入更多的心理努力。未来研究需要在检验并整合理论、确定边界条件、优化自我生成教学等方面进一步探讨。收起
期刊：
Scientific Studies of Reading,2023年27(5):393-407 ISSN：1088-8438
通讯作者：
Siyun Liu
作者机构：
[Jin, Jian] Anhui Normal Univ, Sch Educ Sci, Wuhu, Anhui, Peoples R China.;[Jin, Jian; Liu, Siyun] Cent China Normal Univ, Sch Psychol, Wuhan, Peoples R China.;[Liu, Siyun] Cent China Normal Univ, Key Lab Adolescent Cyberpsychol & Behav, Minist Educ, Wuhan, Peoples R China.;[Liu, Siyun] Cent China Normal Univ, Key Lab Human Dev & Mental Hlth Hubei Prov, Wuhan, Peoples R China.;[Liu, Siyun] Cent China Normal Univ, Sch Psychol, 152 Luo Yu Rd, Wuhan 430079, Peoples R China.
通讯机构：
[Siyun Liu] S;School of Psychology, Central China Normal University, Wuhan, China<&wdkj&>Ministry of Education, Key Laboratory of Adolescent Cyberpsychology and Behavior (Central China Normal University), Wuhan, China<&wdkj&>Key Laboratory of Human Development and Mental Health of Hubei Province, Central China Normal University, Wuhan, China
摘要：
PurposeThe use of attentional resources is an important cognitive indicator of reading engagement but it is unknown how this is influenced by linguistic cues. We designed two experiments to investigate whether shifts in narrative perspectives occupy more of the attention of readers and engage them more in the text.MethodsExperiment 1 employed a dual-task paradigm to explore how shifts in narrative perspective influence the attention that readers allocate to the text. Experiment 2 used the same methods but replaced sentences with whole chapters to examine the effects of shifted perspectives on readers' ability to allocate attention and engage in reading.ResultsExperiment 1 found that shifts in perspective delayed the participants' responses to the tones. Experiment 2 found that perspective shifts enhanced the participants' self-reported attentional focus and overall reading engagement. The results of Experiment 1 were not replicated by Experiment 2 but both experiments found that attentional engagement was deeper at the initial than the later stage of reading.ConclusionPerspective shifts in novels constitute valid language cues that can fully utilize readers' attentional resources and improve their engagement in reading. Attentional resources play a more important role when readers initially process texts than at later stages.
摘要：
Language and Speech, Ahead of Print. <br/>Daily conversation is usually face-to-face and characterized by rapid and fluent exchange of turns between interlocutors. With the need to communicate across long distances, advances in communication media, online audio communication, and online video communication have become convenient alternatives for an increasing number of people. However, the fluency of turn-taking may be influenced when people communicate using these different modes. In this study, we conducted a corpus analysis of face-to-face, online audio, and online video conversations collected from the internet. The fluency of turn-taking in face-to-face conversations differed from that of online audio and video conversations. Namely, the timing of turn-taking was shorter and with more overlaps in face-to-face conversations compared with online audio and video conversations. This can be explained by the limited ability of online communication modes to transmit non-verbal cues and network latency. In addition, our study could not completely exclude the effect of formality of conversation. The present findings have implications for the rules of turn-taking in human online conversations, in that the traditional rule of no-gap–no-overlap may not be fully applicable to online conversations.
期刊：
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF HUMAN RESOURCE MANAGEMENT,2023年34(15):2901-2923 ISSN：0958-5192
通讯作者：
Hanying Tang<&wdkj&>Hongyu Ma
作者机构：
[Gan, Zhiyi; Ma, Hongyu; Gan, Jinhua] Cent China Normal Univ, Sch Psychol, Wuhan, Peoples R China.;[Tang, Hanying; Gan, Zhiyi; Ma, Hongyu; Gan, Jinhua] Key Lab Adolescent Cyberpsychol & Behav CCNU, Key Lab Human Dev & Mental Hlth Hubei Prov, Minist Educ, Wuhan, Peoples R China.;[Zhou, Zhiqing E.] CUNY, Baruch Coll, Dept Psychol, New York, NY 10021 USA.
通讯机构：
[Hanying Tang; Hongyu Ma] S;School of Psychology, Central China Normal University, Wuhan, China<&wdkj&>Key Laboratory of Adolescent Cyberpsychology and Behavior (CCNU), Ministry of Education, Key Laboratory of Human Development and Mental Health of Hubei Province, Wuhan, China<&wdkj&>School of Psychology, Central China Normal University, Wuhan, China<&wdkj&>Key Laboratory of Adolescent Cyberpsychology and Behavior (CCNU), Ministry of Education, Key Laboratory of Human Development and Mental Health of Hubei Province, Wuhan, China
关键词：
COVID-19 crisis;telecommuting;supervisor control behavior;supervisor support behavior;self-regulation at work
期刊：
Consciousness and Cognition,2023年116:103587 ISSN：1053-8100
通讯作者：
Ding, XF
作者机构：
[Jiang, Yuewen; Hao, Fengxiao; Huang, Zhenyi; Fan, Zhao; Chen, Ling; Cheng, Xiaorong; Ding, Xianfeng] Cent China Normal Univ CCNU, Sch Psychol, Wuhan, Peoples R China.;[Ding, Xianfeng] Cent China Normal Univ, Sch Psychol, Wuhan 430079, Peoples R China.
通讯机构：
[Ding, XF ] C;Cent China Normal Univ, Sch Psychol, Wuhan 430079, Peoples R China.
关键词：
Mental time line;Sensorimotor experience;Space–time mapping;Spatial metaphor;Virtual reality
摘要：
A growing body of evidence suggested that time could be separately represented either on the lateral or sagittal axis. And the lateral mental time line has an origin associated with sensorimotor experience, e.g., reading/writing. However, it is still not clear whether the sagittal mental time line also originates from sensorimotor experience, e.g., walking/running. To address this question, we examined how the movement experience affected the space-time mapping on the lateral and sagittal axes using the virtual reality technique in two experiments. The results showed that the virtual movement experience had significant effects on the space-time mapping on the lateral axis (Experiment 1), but not on the sagittal axis (Experiment 2). This finding supported that the space-time mapping on the lateral axis does originate from sensorimotor experience, while the space-time mapping on the sagittal axis more likely originates from spatial metaphors in languages or other cultural experiences.
期刊：
Journal of Experimental Social Psychology,2023年109:104502 ISSN：0022-1031
通讯作者：
Ding, XF
作者机构：
[Jiang, Yuewen; Hao, Fengxiao; Huang, Zhenyi; Fan, Zhao; Cheng, Xiaorong; Ding, Xianfeng] Cent China Normal Univ, Sch Psychol, Wuhan, Peoples R China.;[Ding, Xianfeng] Cent China Normal Univ, Sch Psychol, Wuhan, Hubei, Peoples R China.
通讯机构：
[Ding, XF ] C;Cent China Normal Univ, Sch Psychol, Wuhan, Hubei, Peoples R China.
关键词：
Power;Self;other;Spatial representation
摘要：
A growing body of evidence suggests that there is a close link between power and self. The sense of power could significantly affect the perceptions and judgments of self/others. For example, when in a powerful state, the individuals would overestimate their height and underestimate the other's height. It means that power affects the judgment and perception of self/others' physical height. The present study further examines whether the sense of power affects the spatial representation of self/other in three experiments using different paradigms. The results showed that participants in a powerful state responded faster to the self-related words at the top of the screen than at the bottom (Exp1), with an upward direction than with a downward direction (Exp2), and were more likely to choose an upward response after naming the self-related words than after naming the other-related words (Exp3), while these patterns were consistently reversed in a powerless state. This finding supports that the self/other is associated with the upper/lower space in the powerful state, and the self/other is associated with the lower/upper space in the powerless state. The present study enriches the literature on the psychological and behavioral effects of power, deepens the understanding of the mental representation of the self-concept from the perspective of power, and essentially provides new evidence for the flexibility of self-concept in humans.
作者机构：
[Fan, Weiwei; Wang, Yanqing; Cao, Yang; Gong, Shaoying] Minist Educ, Key Lab Adolescent Cyberpsychol & Behav CCNU, Wuhan 430079, Peoples R China.;[Fan, Weiwei; Wang, Yanqing; Cao, Yang; Gong, Shaoying] Cent China Normal Univ, Sch Psychol, Wuhan 430079, Peoples R China.;[Gong, Shaoying] Cent China Normal Univ, Sch Psychol, 152 Luoyu St, Wuhan 430079, Hubei, Peoples R China.
通讯机构：
[Gong, Shaoying] C;Cent China Normal Univ, Sch Psychol, 152 Luoyu St, Wuhan 430079, Hubei, Peoples R China.
关键词：
Distance education and online learning;Teaching;learning strategies;Post -secondary education;Media in education
摘要：
The goal of the current study was to investigate the effects of affective pedagogical agent (PA) and student-generated explanation on learners' affective processing, visual attention, and learning outcomes during a video lesson. In a 2 (affective pedagogical agent: positive PA vs. neutral PA) x 2 (generative learning strategy: self-explanation vs. re-study) between-subjects design, partici-pants watched an animation on synaptic transmission from a multimedia lesson that was either delivered by a positive PA or a neutral PA. After watching the video, students either generated a verbal explanation or rewatched the video. All students' eye movements were tracked during learning and then took learning outcome tests. The results showed that: (a) students who learned with a positive PA paid more attention to relevant elements of the materials and performed better on learning outcomes than those who learned with a neutral PA; (b) self-explanation facilitated visual processing and learning outcomes; and (c) positive PA accompanying self-explanation increased intrinsic motivation and resulted in best learning performance. The findings support the use of a positive PA to design multimedia learning environments and the use of self -explanation strategy to engage students in generative processing activities. Moreover, students benefit most from positive PA and then generating an oral explanation, which demonstrates the importance of combining instructional design features and learners-generated learning activity in computer-based learning environments.
期刊：
Physica A-Statistical Mechanics and its Applications,2023年609:128329 ISSN：0378-4371
通讯作者：
Yueying Zhu
作者机构：
[Zhu, Yueying; Jiang, Jian] Wuhan Text Univ, Res Ctr Nonlinear Sci, Sch Math & Phys Sci, Wuhan 430200, Peoples R China.;[Li, Wei] Cent China Normal Univ, Complex Sci Ctr, Wuhan 430079, Peoples R China.;[Li, Wei] Cent China Normal Univ, Inst Particle Phys, Wuhan 430079, Peoples R China.;[Li, Wei] Max Planck Inst Math Sci, Inselst 22, D-04103 Leipzig, Germany.
通讯机构：
[Yueying Zhu] R;Research Center of Nonlinear Science, School of Mathematical & Physical Sciences, Wuhan Textile University, 430200 Wuhan, China
摘要：
The Hegselmann-Krause (HK) model allows one to characterize the continuous change of agent opinions with the bounded confidence threshold epsilon. To consider the heterogeneity of agents in characteristics, we study the HK model on homogeneous and heterogeneous networks by introducing a kind of smart agent. Different from the averaging rule in opinion update of HK model, smart agents will consider, in updating their opinions, the environmental influence following the fact that the agent behavior is often coupled with environmental changes. The environment is characterized by a parameter that represents the biased resource allocation between different cliques. We focus on the critical behavior of the underlying system. A phase transition point separating a complete consensus from the coexistence of different opinions is identified, which occurs at a critical value epsilon c for the bounded confidence threshold. We state analytically that epsilon c can take only one of two possible values, depending on the behavior of the average degree ka of a social graph, when agents are homogeneous in characteristics. Results also suggest that the phase transition point weakly depends on the network structure but is strongly correlated with the fraction of smart agents and the environmental parameter. We finally establish the finite size scaling law that stresses the role that the system size has in the underlying opinion dynamics. Meanwhile, introducing smart agents does not change the functional dependence between the time to reach a complete consensus and the system size. However, it can drive a complete consensus to be reached faster, for homogeneous networks that are far from the mean field limit.(c) 2022 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.
摘要：
Anxiety and depression have been shown to negatively influence the processing of emotional information in working memory. However, most studies have examined anxiety-related or depression-related working memory deficits independently, without considering their high co-morbidity. We tested the effects of emotional valence on working memory performance among healthy young adults with varying levels of anxiety and depressive symptoms. Ninety young adults aged between 18-24 (51 female) completed an emotional 2-back task in which positive, negative, and neutral images were presented. Multi-level modeling was used to examine anxiety and depressive symptoms as predictors of response accuracy and latency across the three emotional valence conditions. The results showed that participants responded to negative images with the highest accuracy and to positive images with the lowest accuracy. Both negative and positive images elicited slower responses than neutral images. Importantly, we found that more severe anxiety symptoms predicted a smaller difference in response accuracy between negative and neutral stimuli, whereas more severe depressive symptoms predicted a larger updating reaction time difference between positive and neutral stimuli. These findings demonstrated the uniquely anxiety-related deficits in processing negative contents and the uniquely depression-related deficits in updating positive contents in working memory, thus highlighting the necessity of novel cognitive bias modification interventions targeting the anxiety-specific and depression-specific deficits in working memory.
关键词：
Sense of control;Experiential avoidance;Problematic mobile phone use;Self-concept clarity
摘要：
Problematic mobile phone use (PMPU) has been revealed to be shaped by multiple factors. Nevertheless, limited studies have focused on sense of control, an intrinsic human motive, and investigated its impact on PMPU and the mechanisms of this influence. On the grounds of the Interaction of Person-Affect-Cognition-Execution model, the present study tested experiential avoidance as a possible mediator and self-concept clarity as a possible moderator in the connection linking sense of control and PMPU. Undergraduate students (N = 1,093; Mage = 18.95, SD = 1.10; 53.2% women) recruited through convenience sampling completed questionnaires in their classrooms. The mediation analysis revealed a significant mediating effect of experiential avoidance on the negative link between sense of control and PMPU. The moderated mediation analysis demonstrated a significant moderating effect of self-concept clarity, which attenuated both the direct path linking sense of control and PMPU and the mediating path through experiential avoidance. The findings contribute to elucidating whether, how, and under what conditions sense of control is connected with PMPU, and offer insights for developing practical intervention strategies to address PMPU.
期刊：
International Journal of Mental Health and Addiction,2023年21(1):395-410 ISSN：1557-1874
通讯作者：
Wei Zhang
作者机构：
[Zhu, Wanling; Zhang, Wei] Cent China Normal Univ, Sch Psychol, 152 Luoyu St, Wuhan 430079, Hubei, Peoples R China.;[Nie, Jia] Renmin Univ China, Ctr Internet Social Psychol, Dept Psychol, Beijing, Peoples R China.
通讯机构：
[Wei Zhang] S;School of Psychology, Central China Normal University, Hubei, China
关键词：
Pathological internet use;Comment;Internal emotional state;Emotional valence
摘要：
In the recent years, the excessive use of internet has become frequent; it may lead to deficits in cognition and emotions. Commenting on online news is a popular way to express attitude and thoughts. It may have different impacts on the emotional state of healthy people and pathological internet users (PIUs). The impact is also related to the emotional valence of the commented text. This study aimed to explore the effect of making comments on online news and valenced text on the emotional state of PIUs. The sample included 32 undergraduate students (18 with PIU and 14 controls). The two groups commented on positive and negative online news in proper order, respectively. The emotion rating questionnaire was used to measure their emotion at different experimental stages in elicited positive and negative emotional states. The results displayed that when commenting on positive news, the emotional changes of PIU group were the same with the control group. In addition, the results indicated that when making comments on negative news, there was a difference between the PIU group and the control group for the extent of emotional changes. PIUs were rated higher than control group in "surprise" and "happiness" ways. The emotional state of PIU is easier to be affected by the act of commenting, revealing that PIUs may have poor ability of emotion management and emotional stability.
作者机构：
[Lu, Chan] XiangYa School of Public Health, Central South University, Changsha, China. Electronic address: chanlu@csu.edu.cn;[Wang, Faming] Division of Animal and Human Health Engineering, Department of Biosystems, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium;[Liu, Zijing; Yang, Wenhui; Liao, Hongsen] XiangYa School of Public Health, Central South University, Changsha, China;[Li, Bin] School of Psychology, Central China Normal University, Wuhan, China
通讯机构：
[Lu, C.] X;XiangYa School of Public Health, China
关键词：
Childhood allergic rhinitis;Early life exposure;Particulate matters;Pregnancy;TRAP
摘要：
BACKGROUND: Despite mounting evidence linking allergic rhinitis (AR) to air pollution, it remains unclear which major air pollutant(s) and critical window(s) of exposure play important roles in children's AR. OBJECTIVE: To examine the effects of intrauterine and early postnatal exposure to outdoor air pollution on children with doctor-diagnosed allergic rhinitis (DDAR). METHODS: A retrospective cohort study involving 8689 kindergarten children was conducted in Changsha, China, from 2019 to 2020. A questionnaire survey was conducted to collect information on the health status of children and their family members, as well as their living habits and home environment. Personal exposure to daily outdoor air pollutants (PM(2.5), PM(2.5-10), PM(10), SO(2), NO(2), and CO) was estimated during 40 gestational weeks, three trimesters, the entire pregnancy, and the first year after birth. Multiple logistic regression models were used to assess the associations between air pollution and children's DDAR. RESULTS: Children's DDAR was associated with intrauterine CO exposure, with adjusted ORs (95% CI) of 1.18 (1.03-1.34) for each IQR increase in CO exposure. The second and third trimesters were critical windows for PM(2.5) and CO exposure in relation to DDAR. Furthermore, early postnatal exposure to PM(2.5-10) and PM(10) in first year of life was associated with DDAR development, with adjusted ORs (95% CI) of 1.11 (1.01-1.22) and 1.27 (1.09, 1.47). The entire pregnancy and the first year of life were critical windows for CO and PM(10) exposure. Some children were predisposed to DDAR risk due to exposure to traffic-related air pollution (TRAP). CONCLUSION: Our findings support the hypothesis of "fetal origin of allergic rhinitis" by demonstrating that intrauterine and early postnatal exposure to air pollution plays an important role in children's DDAR.
