关键词：
Interpersonal uncertainty;Social and emotional loneliness;Mobile phone addiction;Optimism;College students
摘要：
The main aim of this study was to investigate whether and how interpersonal uncertainty results in mobile phone addiction. Sampling 997 Chinese college students, we found that interpersonal uncertainty had positive predictive power for mobile phone addiction, and social and emotional loneliness mediated the link between interpersonal uncertainty and mobile phone addiction. Additionally, optimism moderated the direct effect of interpersonal uncertainty on mobile phone addiction and the first-stage mediating effect of interpersonal uncertainty on mobile phone addiction through social and emotional loneliness; that is, the higher the level of optimism among college students, the weaker the (in)direct effect of interpersonal uncertainty on mobile phone addiction. Our research findings reveal the role and mechanisms of interpersonal uncertainty in mobile phone addiction and shed light on the importance of reducing interpersonal uncertainty and fostering positive traits to effectively prevent and intervene in mobile phone addiction.
作者机构：
[Chen, Bizhong; Yao, Liangshuang] Minist Educ, Key Lab Adolescent Cyberpsychol & Behav CCNU, Wuhan, Peoples R China.;[Sun, Xiaojun] Cent China Normal Univ, Sch Psychol, Wuhan, Peoples R China.;[Huang, Xuan] Beijing Normal Univ, Fac Psychol, Beijing, Peoples R China.;[Sun, Xiaojun; Sun, XJ] Cent China Normal Univ CCNU, Sch Psychol, 382 Xiongchu Rd, Wuhan 430079, Peoples R China.
通讯机构：
[Sun, XJ ] C;Cent China Normal Univ CCNU, Sch Psychol, 382 Xiongchu Rd, Wuhan 430079, Peoples R China.
关键词：
social anxiety;social relationships;longitudinal studies;meta-analysis
摘要：
It is theoretically plausible that social anxiety (SA) and social relationships (SR) can influence each other. However, the available empirical evidence is inconsistent, leading to substantial uncertainty regarding the cross-lagged relations between SA and SR. This meta-analysis systematically integrates data from 107 longitudinal studies, comprising 110 independent samples and involving a total of 115,133 participants from childhood to adulthood. Four types of SR were assessed: family-related, school-related, romantic, and general relationships. One-stage meta-analytic structural equation modeling was applied to fit four cross-lagged panel models and to test potential moderators. No significant publication bias was detected. Effect size analyses revealed that prior SA significantly and negatively predicted quality of all types of SR. Family-related and general relationships each predicted prospective SA symptoms, but school-related and romantic relationships did not. No moderators were identified in analyses of family-related and romantic relationships. However, the publication year, sample age, gender, reporter, and time lag played a moderating role in analyses of school-related and general relationships. These findings suggest that SA is a crucial factor undermining SR and that dysfunctional family and general relationships also contribute to the exacerbation of SA symptoms. The strengths, limitations, and future directions of this study are discussed. Public Significance Statement A hotly debated issue in academia is whether past social anxiety (SA) hinders future social relationships(SR) or if prior poor SR precipitate subsequent SA symptoms. To shed light on this matter, a comprehensive meta-analysis was conducted, encompassing data from 107 longitudinal studies and involving over 110,000 participants. The findings suggest that SA poses a significant risk to all types of SR, but only family-related and general relationships potentially impacted later levels of SA.
摘要：
OBJECTIVE: Both theoretical and empirical studies suggest that negative cognitive biases significantly influence the onset and persistence of posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) symptoms. However, the interplay among these cognitive biases and their conjoint contribution to the long-term trajectory of posttraumatic stress symptoms remains underexplored. This study delves into the interplay among attention, appraisal, and memory biases within a provisional PTSD population and evaluates the predictive effects of two integrative models (weakest link, additive approach) on posttraumatic stress symptoms reported 2 months later. METHOD: Sixty Chinese participants (M(age) = 20.17, SD(age) = 2.11) with provisional PTSD undertook the scrambled sentences test (appraisal bias) with their eye movements recorded (attention bias) and then the free recall task (memory bias). Posttraumatic stress symptom was assessed at baseline and 2-month follow-up. RESULTS: Selective attention bias toward negative words was positively associated with the negative appraisal of scrambled sentences, which subsequently showed a strong association with negative memory bias. Regarding the progression of posttraumatic stress symptoms, the additive approach was found to be a more reliable predictor of self-reported posttraumatic stress symptoms at 2 months than the weak link approach. CONCLUSIONS: This study provides initial evidence supporting the combined cognitive biases hypothesis in provisional PTSD. It also underscores potential avenues to enhance cognitive bias modification techniques. Replication of these findings in broader clinical samples is essential. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2024 APA, all rights reserved).
作者机构：
[Zhijie Xie] School of Psychology, Xinxiang Medical University, Xinxiang, People’s Republic of China;Department of Psychology, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, China;[Chen Liu] School of Psychology, Central China Normal University, Wuhan, China;[Xiao Tan] Institute of Educational Sciences, Hubei University of Education, Wuhan, China;[Bin Zuo] Department of Psychology, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, China<&wdkj&>School of Psychology, Central China Normal University, Wuhan, China
通讯机构：
[Zhijie Xie] S;School of Psychology, Xinxiang Medical University, Xinxiang, People’s Republic of China
关键词：
Elevation;Moral act;Moral potential;Gender;Willingness to cooperate
摘要：
Elevation is an uplifting feeling evoked by witnessing other’s moral beauty. Prior studies explored the impact of different aspects of completed moral acts on elevation. However, whether intended or completed moral acts have a greater impact on observers’ elevation remains unclear. We hypothesize that intended moral acts evoke greater elevation in observers than completed ones. A total of 437 Chinese participants rated their elevation after reading manipulated descriptions about actors’ moral acts in three online experiments. The results consistently supported our hypothesis. Moreover, the results of moderated mediation models showed that actors’ moral potential mediated the effect of moral acts on elevation. Female observers exhibited stronger responses to intended moral acts than male observers. In addition, observers’ elevation influenced their willingness to cooperate with the actors. Implications for elevation elicitation and future directions are discussed.
关键词：
Social network sites use;Depression;Self-esteem;Self-compassion;Children
摘要：
Previous research has conducted extensive work on the impact of social network site (SNS) use on depression. However, most of these studies have focused on adolescents or adults, and little is known about how SNS use affects depression among children. Based on the vulnerability model of depression, the self-system beliefs model, and the risk-buffering hypothesis, we examined whether self-esteem would mediate the relationship between SNS use and children's depression and whether self-compassion would play a moderating role in the mediating process. The sample consisted of 386 Chinese children from grades three to six (Mage = 9.83 years, SD = 1.23; 42.5 % girls), who provided self-reported data on demographic variables, SNS use, self-esteem, depression, and self-compassion. Results indicated that after controlling for the children's gender and age, the partial mediating role of self-esteem between SNS use and depression was significant at low levels of self-compassion, marginally significant at high levels, and non-significant at mean levels. Moreover, both the first and second stages of the indirect effects were moderated by self-compassion. Specifically, the effects of SNS use on self-esteem were negative, non-significant, and marginally positive for children with low, middle, and high self-compassion, respectively. The interaction pattern of self-esteem and self-compassion on depression fit the protective-attenuating hypothesis: the protective effect of self-compassion was stronger for children with low self-esteem. This study extends our understanding of the underlying mechanisms linking SNS use to depression among children, which has both theoretical and practical implications for interventions for children's depressive symptoms. The limitations and theoretical and practical implications of this study are discussed.
期刊：
Archives of Sexual Behavior,2024年53(1):247-261 ISSN：0004-0002
通讯作者：
He, XY
作者机构：
[He, Xianyou; Zhang, Siyue; He, Chunyan; Liang, Fuqun; He, XY; Wu, Hairu] South China Normal Univ, Key Lab Brain Cognit & Educ Sci, Minist Educ, Guangzhou, Peoples R China.;[He, Xianyou; Zhang, Siyue; He, Chunyan; Liang, Fuqun; He, XY; Wu, Hairu] South China Normal Univ, Guangdong Key Lab Mental Hlth & Cognit Sci, Guangzhou, Peoples R China.;[He, Xianyou; Zhang, Siyue; He, Chunyan; Liang, Fuqun; He, XY; Wu, Hairu] South China Normal Univ, Ctr Studies Psychol Applicat, Guangzhou, Peoples R China.;[He, Xianyou; Zhang, Siyue; He, Chunyan; Liang, Fuqun; He, XY; Wu, Hairu] South China Normal Univ, Sch Psychol, Zhongshan Ave West 55, Guangzhou 510631, Peoples R China.;[Lei, Yatian] Cent China Normal Univ, Sch Psychol, Wuhan, Peoples R China.
通讯机构：
[He, XY ] S;South China Normal Univ, Key Lab Brain Cognit & Educ Sci, Minist Educ, Guangzhou, Peoples R China.;South China Normal Univ, Guangdong Key Lab Mental Hlth & Cognit Sci, Guangzhou, Peoples R China.;South China Normal Univ, Ctr Studies Psychol Applicat, Guangzhou, Peoples R China.;South China Normal Univ, Sch Psychol, Zhongshan Ave West 55, Guangzhou 510631, Peoples R China.
摘要：
Contemporary women frequently employ beautification strategies. The impact of such strategies, such as plastic surgery, on mating popularity in different mate contexts remains unclear. To investigate this issue, the current study conducted two experiments. In Experiment 1, beautification strategies were manipulated using three images of the same female with different conditions (natural, makeup, and plastic surgery). The results indicated that when the beautification strategies were not informed, surgical-enhanced and makeup targets were perceived as significantly more attractive, loyal, and popular among potential mates than natural targets. However, when participants were informed of the beautification strategies, both natural and makeup targets showed a significant increase in perceived loyalty and mating popularity. In contrast, surgically enhanced targets saw a reduction in these dimensions. Experiment 2 aimed to reduce the confounding effect of facial attractiveness by using vignettes. The results indicated that the mating popularity of natural targets was significantly higher than that of makeup or surgically enhanced targets, with surgically enhanced targets being the least popular. Moreover, the results revealed the mediating role of perceived loyalty in the impact of beautification strategies on long-term mating popularity. This study sheds light on the potential stigmatization and negative bias toward beautification strategies in the mating market. Additionally, it provides guidance for women who intend to enhance their mate popularity through plastic surgery.
作者：
Li, Sijia;Pan, Wei;Yip, Paul Siu Fai;Wang, Jing;Zhou, Wenwei;...
期刊：
Computers in Human Behavior,2024年152:108080 ISSN：0747-5632
通讯作者：
Pan, W;Yip, PSF
作者机构：
[Pan, Wei; Zhou, Wenwei; Wang, Jing] Univ Hong Kong, Fac Social Sci, Dept Social Work & Social Adm, Hong Kong, Peoples R China.;[Pan, Wei; Zhou, Wenwei; Wang, Jing] Minist Educ, Key Lab Adolescent Cyberpsychol & Behav CCNU, Wuhan, Peoples R China.;[Pan, Wei; Zhou, Wenwei; Wang, Jing] Cent China Normal Univ, Sch Psychol, Wuhan, Peoples R China.;[Yip, Paul Siu Fai] Key Lab Human Dev & Mental Hlth Hubei Prov, Wuhan, Peoples R China.;[Zhu, Tingshao] Univ Hong Kong, Hong Kong Jockey Club Ctr Suicide Res & Prevent, Hong Kong, Peoples R China.
通讯机构：
[Pan, W ] C;[Yip, PSF ] U;Cent China Normal Univ, Sch Psychol, 152 Luoyu Rd, Wuhan 430079, Hubei, Peoples R China.;Univ Hong Kong, Fac Social Sci, Dept Social Work & Social Adm, Room 511,Jockey Club Tower,Centennial Campus, Pokfulam, Hong Kong, Peoples R China.
摘要：
Depression has been identified as a risk factor for suicide, yet limited evidence has elucidated the underlying pathways linking depression to subsequent suicide risk. Therefore, we aimed to examine the psychological mechanisms that connect depression to suicide risk via linguistic characteristics on Weibo. We sampled 487,251 posts from 3196 users who belong to the depression super-topic community (DSTC) on Sina Weibo as the depression group, and 357,939 posts from 5167 active users as the control group. We employed the double machine learning method (DML) to estimate the impact of depression on suicide risk, and interpreted the pathways from depression to suicide risk using SHapley Additive exPlanations (SHAP) values and tree in-terpreters. The results indicated an 18% higher likelihood of suicide risk in the depression group compared to people without depression. The SHAP values further revealed that Exclusive (M = 0.029) was the most critical linguistic feature. Meanwhile, the three-depth tree interpreter illustrated that the high suicide risk subgroup of the depression group (N = 1196, CATE = 0.32 +/- 0.04, 95%CI [0.20, 0.43]) was predicted by higher usage of Exclusive (>0.59) and Health (>-0.10). DML revealed pathways linking depression to suicide risk. The visualized tree interpreter showed cognitive complexity and physical distress might be positively associated with suicide risk in depressed populations. These findings have invigorated further investigation to elucidate the relationship between depression and suicide risk. Understanding the underlying mechanisms serves as a basis for future research on suicide prevention and treatment for individuals with depression.
作者机构：
Key Laboratory of Adolescent Cyberpsychology and Behavior (CCNU), Ministry of Education, Wuhan, China;School of Psychology, Central China Normal University, Wuhan, China;[Lu Huang] School of Marxism, Wuhan Business University, Wuhan, China;[Youzhi Song; Yuan Tian; Cuiying Fan; Quan Zheng; Zongkui Zhou] Key Laboratory of Adolescent Cyberpsychology and Behavior (CCNU), Ministry of Education, Wuhan, China<&wdkj&>School of Psychology, Central China Normal University, Wuhan, China
通讯机构：
[Zongkui Zhou] K;Key Laboratory of Adolescent Cyberpsychology and Behavior (CCNU), Ministry of Education, Wuhan, China<&wdkj&>School of Psychology, Central China Normal University, Wuhan, China
摘要：
Early research has revealed distinct subgroups of cyberbullying victims. However, due to the limitations of traditional statistical methods, the characterization of features in the subgroups has been relatively limited, making it challenging to gain a relatively comprehensive understanding of different subgroup members. Decision trees and machine learning techniques offer notable advantages in addressing such issues. The primary aim of this study is to develop a high-performing classifier based on self-reported data from 814 middle school students to accurately predict cyberbullying victimization and uncover the most influential factors. On this basis, the study attempts to identify different subgroups of cyberbullying victims and their shared characteristics. The results indicated that the classification tree achieved a prediction accuracy of approximately 80% on the out-of-sample dataset. The results of permutation feature importance highlighted that the most prominent predictors were the victim’s cyberbullying perpetration, followed by traditional relational victimization and depression. Further examination of the visual tree structure revealed subgroups of cyberbullying victims and their shared characteristics. The findings of this study have enriched the characteristics of different subgroups of cyberbullying victims, providing a better elucidation of the pathology of cyberbullying victimization and offering empirical evidence to facilitate the development of more targeted intervention strategies for various subgroups of cyberbullying victims.
摘要：
Cyberbullying and cyber victimization are widespread problems that impair the physical and mental health of adolescents. To date, the impact of parental phubbing on adolescent cyberbullying and cyber victimization remains underexplored. The current study investigates the relationships between parental phubbing and adolescent cyberbullying and cyber victimization and whether these influence mechanisms work consistently. We recruited 1034 Chinese adolescents aged 12–15 years as a sample and constructed two moderated mediation models to evaluate the relationships among parental phubbing, social anxiety, self-control, cyberbullying, and cyber victimization. The results showed that (1) parental phubbing positively predicted adolescent cyberbullying and cyber victimization; (2) parental phubbing was associated with cyberbullying and cyber victimization among adolescents through the mediating effect of social anxiety; (3) the relationships between parental phubbing and adolescent cyberbullying and cyber victimization and the mediating effects of social anxiety were moderated by self-control; specifically all effects were significant at low self-control and vice versa. The research findings are conducive to informing the risk factors and mechanisms of adolescent cyber violence and further reveal the negative influence of parental phubbing on adolescent development.
作者机构：
[Zhao, Qinqin] MianYang Teachers Coll, Deans Off, Mianyang, Peoples R China.;[Wang, Zheng; Bian, Yueran; Zeb, Irum; Zhang, Yan] Huazhong Univ Sci & Technol, Sch Educ, Wuhan, Peoples R China.;[Yang, Caihong] Cent China Normal Univ, Sch Psychol, Wuhan, Peoples R China.;[Chen, Han] MianYang Teachers Coll, President Off, Mianyang, Peoples R China.;[Wang, Pu; Wang, P] Sun Yat Sen Univ, Affiliated Hosp 7, Dept Rehabil Med, Shenzhen, Peoples R China.
通讯机构：
[Wang, P ] S;[Zhang, Y ] H;[Yang, CH ] C;Cent China Normal Univ, Sch Psychol, Wuhan, Peoples R China.;Sun Yat Sen Univ, Affiliated Hosp 7, Dept Rehabil Med, Shenzhen, Peoples R China.
关键词：
anxiety;anxiety without depression;cognitive control network;depression;fNIRS
摘要：
Anxiety is a common psychological disorder associated with other mental disorders, with depression being the most common comorbidity. Few studies have examined the neural mechanisms underlying anxiety after controlling for depression. This study aimed to explore whether there are differences in cortical activation in anxiety patients with different severities whose depression are normal. In the current study, depression levels were normal for 366 subjects-139 healthy subjects, 117 with mild anxiety, and 110 with major anxiety. Using the Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale (HADS) and a verbal fluency task (VFT) to test subjects' anxiety and depression and cognitive function, respectively. A 53-channel guided near-infrared spectroscopic imaging technology (fNIRS) detected the concentration of oxyhemoglobin (oxy-Hb). Correlation analysis between anxiety severity and oxy-Hb concentration in the brain cortex was performed, as well as ANOVA analysis of oxy-Hb concentration among the three anxiety severity groups. The results showed that anxiety severity was significantly and negatively correlated with oxy-Hb concentrations in the left frontal eye field (lFEF) and in the right dorsolateral prefrontal area (rDLPFC). The oxy-Hb concentration in the lFEF and the rDLPFC were significantly lower in the major anxiety disorder group than that in the control group. This suggests that decreased cortical activity of the lFEF and rDLPFC may be neural markers of anxiety symptoms after controlling for depression. Anxiety symptoms without depression may be result from the dysfunction of the cognitive control network (CCN) which includes the lFEF and rDLPFC. Anxiety disorders often experience an internal sense of loss of control and often be associated with depression. This study aimed to explore the neural mechanisms underlying anxiety after controlling for depress ive symptoms. We found that decreased cortical activity of the lFEF and rDLPFC may be neural markers of anxiety symptoms after control depressive symptoms. Anxiety symptoms without depressive symptoms may be result from the dysfunction of cognitive control network including lFEF and rDLPFC.
期刊：
BRITISH JOURNAL OF PSYCHOLOGY,2024年 ISSN：0007-1269
作者机构：
[Liu, Zhenzhen] School of Psychology, Central China Normal University, Wuhan, Hubei, China;[Ma, Rongzi; Sun, Xiaomin] Beijing Key Laboratory of Applied Experimental Psychology, National Demonstration Center for Experimental Psychology Education (Beijing Normal University), Faculty of Psychology, Beijing Normal University, Beijing, China;[Bao, Ruiji] Faculty of Business and Economics, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, SAR, China
摘要：
Greedy phenomena have dramatically increased in societies. However, despite the universality of greedy behaviour, empirical research on the causes of greed is scarce. In this context, we propose that perceived economic inequality may be an important factor influencing greed. Study 1 provided primary evidence of a positive relationship between perceived economic inequality and greed, based on data from a large-scale social survey (CFPS 2018, N = 14,317). Employing well-established questionnaires, Study 2A (N = 200) and Study 2B (N = 399) revealed that perceived economic inequality positively predicts greed, with relative deprivation playing a mediating role. Study 3A (N = 200) and Study 3B (N = 200) manipulated perceived economic inequality to provide causal evidence of its effects on greed and to replicate the mediating effect of relative deprivation. Finally, Study 4 (N = 372), using a blockage manipulation design, showed that the effect of perceived economic inequality on greed significantly decreases when relative deprivation is suppressed. In summary, the results of these six studies consistently suggest that perceived economic inequality positively affects greed and that this effect is mediated by relative deprivation.
摘要：
Whether parental educational expectations for adolescents serve as a source of motivation or stress depends on the extent to which adolescents hold expectations for themselves. Previous research on the discrepancies between parental and adolescent educational expectations and their impact on learning engagement has been limited by traditional statistical tests, and lacking an examination of the internal mediating mechanism of parent-child relational quality from both parental and adolescent perspectives. This cross-sectional study, utilizing a multi-informant design, examined the association between discrepancies in parents' and adolescents' reports of expectations, and adolescents' study engagement, as well as the mediating role of parent-child relational qualities perceived by both parties. The sample for this study consisted of 455 adolescents and their parents from 10 classes in a junior high school in Wuhan, Hubei Province, China. The adolescents had an average age of 12.8 years, and 51.6% of them were boys. Both parents and adolescents reported on their expectations and perceived relational quality, while adolescents also filled out questionnaires assessing their learning engagement. Data were analyzed using polynomial regressions with response surface analysis. The results revealed that when adolescents reported high expectations, regardless of whether their parents reported high or low expectations, adolescents reported satisfied relationships and high learning engagement. In contrast, parents reported satisfied relationships when both parties reported high expectations, or when parents reported higher expectations than adolescents. Lastly, the association between discrepancies in expectations and learning engagement was significantly mediated by adolescent-reported relationships but not parent-reported ones. These findings highlight the importance of considering multiple perspectives when studying the association between expectations and adolescent study engagement. This research advances our comprehension of the dynamics between parent-adolescent educational expectation discrepancies and adolescent learning engagement, offering insights for more nuanced and effective parenting strategies tailored to foster optimal educational outcomes.
作者机构：
[Zhang, Wei; Ju, Changting; Xue, Jinfeng] Cent China Normal Univ, Sch Psychol, 152 Luoyu St, Wuhan 430079, Hubei, Peoples R China.;[Ju, Changting] Anyang Inst Technol, Mental Hlth Educ Ctr, Zhumadian, Henan, Peoples R China.;[Mo, Ning] Anyang Univ, Mental Hlth Educ Ctr, Zhumadian, Henan, Peoples R China.;[Jiang, Xu] Temple Univ, Dept Psychol Studies Educ, 1301 Cecil B Moore Ave, Philadelphia, PA 19122 USA.;[Xue, Jinfeng] Hunan Univ Chinese Med, Sch Nursing, Changsha, Hunan, Peoples R China.
通讯机构：
[Zhang, W ] C;[Jiang, X ] T;Cent China Normal Univ, Sch Psychol, 152 Luoyu St, Wuhan 430079, Hubei, Peoples R China.;Temple Univ, Dept Psychol Studies Educ, 1301 Cecil B Moore Ave, Philadelphia, PA 19122 USA.
关键词：
Mindful Self-Care Scale;MSCS;Brief-MSCS;Chinese college students;Validity;Reliability
摘要：
ObjectivesMindful self-care is a way of embodied self-regulation that can safeguard and enhance psychological well-being. This study aimed to test the reliability and validity of the Chinese version of the Mindful Self-Care Scale (MSCS) among college students.MethodA total of 1486 college students (Mage = 19.36, SD = 1.16) from four different universities participated in this study. All participants completed a series of online surveys, including the MSCS, the Self-Compassion Scale-Short Form, the Body Appreciation Scale-2, and the Satisfaction With Life Scale. Confirmatory factor analysis was used to evaluate the validity of the MSCS, and the R package measureQ was utilized to calculate the reliability. Additionally, we conducted comparative analyses involving the MSCS (33 items), its brief version (Brief-MSCS, 24 items), and previous relevant research.ResultsThe MSCS and Brief-MSCS demonstrated an acceptable factor structure, while the Brief-MSCS exhibited a more robust structure. Notably, the bifactor model adequately fitted the data for both versions. In bifactor model, each item not only belonged to its own group of factors but also belonged to a general factor. Both versions displayed satisfactory convergent validity, discriminant validity, concurrent validity, and robust composite reliability. Furthermore, Chinese college students exhibited a higher level of mindful self-care than Chinese medical professionals and a Western community sample.ConclusionsThe MSCS and Brief-MSCS have been found to be reliable and valid tools for assessing the levels of mindful self-care among college students, with the brief version showing superior performance. The robust fit of the bifactor model suggests that there is an overarching structure of mindful self-care that can be used to assess an individual's level through the total score. Moreover, there are differences in the level of mindful self-care among different groups, which need further verification.PreregistrationThis study is not preregistered.
摘要：
The HIV-1 transactivator protein Tat interacts with the transactivation response element (TAR) at the three-nucleotide UCU bulge to facilitate the recruitment of transcription elongation factor-b (P-TEFb) and induce the transcription of the integrated proviral genome. Therefore, the Tat-TAR interaction, unique to the virus, is a promising target for developing antiviral therapeutics. Currently, there are no FDA-approved drugs against HIV-1 transcription, suggesting the need to develop novel inhibitors that specifically target HIV-1 transcription. We have identified potential candidates that effectively inhibit viral transcription in myeloid and T cells without apparent toxicity. Among these candidates, two molecules showed inhibition of viral protein expression. A molecular docking and simulation approach was used to determine the binding dynamics of these small molecules on TAR RNA in the presence of the P-TEFb complex, which was further validated by a biotinylated RNA pulldown assay. Furthermore, we examined the effect of these molecules on transcription factors, including the SWI/SNF complex (BAF or PBAF), which plays an important role in chromatin remodeling near the transcription start site and hence regulates virus transcription. The top candidates showed significant viral transcription inhibition in primary cells infected with HIV-1 (98.6). Collectively, our study identified potential transcription inhibitors that can potentially complement existing cART drugs to address the current therapeutic gap in current regimens. Additionally, shifting of the TAR RNA loop towards Cyclin T1 upon molecule binding during molecular simulation studies suggested that targeting the TAR loop and Tat-binding UCU bulge together should be an essential feature of TAR-binding molecules/inhibitors to achieve complete viral transcription inhibition.
摘要：
Divergent thinking is assumed to benefit from releasing the constraint of existing knowledge (i.e. top-down control) and enriching free association (i.e. bottom-up processing). However, whether functional antagonism between top-down control-related and bottom-up processing-related brain structures is conducive to generating original ideas is largely unknown. This study was designed to investigate the effect of functional antagonism between the left inferior frontal gyrus and the right temporoparietal junction on divergent thinking performance. A within-subjects design was adopted for three experiments. A total of 114 participants performed divergent thinking tasks after receiving transcranial direct current stimulation over target regions. In particular, cathodal stimulation over the left inferior frontal gyrus and anodal stimulation over the right inferior frontal gyrus (Experiment 1), anodal stimulation over the right temporoparietal junction (Experiment 2), and both cathodal stimulation over the left inferior frontal gyrus and anodal stimulation over the right temporoparietal junction (Experiment 3) were manipulated. Compared with sham stimulation, the combination of hyperpolarization of the left inferior frontal gyrus and depolarization of the right temporoparietal junction comprehensively promoted the fluency, flexibility, and originality of divergent thinking without decreasing the rationality of generated ideas. Functional antagonism between the left inferior frontal gyrus (hyperpolarization) and right temporoparietal junction (depolarization) has a "1 + 1 > 2" superposition effect on divergent thinking.
期刊：
BRIEFINGS IN BIOINFORMATICS,2024年25(3) ISSN：1467-5463
通讯作者：
Yunjie Zhao
作者机构：
[Liu, Haoquan; Zhao, Yunjie] Institute of Biophysics and Department of Physics, Central China Normal University, Wuhan, 430079, China
通讯机构：
[Yunjie Zhao] I;Institute of Biophysics and Department of Physics, Central China Normal University , Wuhan, 430079 , China
关键词：
bioinformatics;biophysics
摘要：
The correct functioning of organisms heavily relies on proteins and RNAs, which hold significant roles in governing biological pathways and mechanisms from
作者机构：
[Nie, Yufeng] Institute of Psychology and Behavior, Henan University, Jinming Avenue, Kaifeng, Henan Province, China;[Nie, Yufeng] Key Laboratory of Adolescent Cyberpsychology and Behavior of Ministry of Education, School of Psychology, Central China Normal University, Wuhan, China;[Pan, Ting] Key Laboratory of Adolescent Cyberpsychology and Behavior of Ministry of Education, School of Psychology, Central China Normal University, Wuhan, China;[He, Jinbo] Key Laboratory of Adolescent Cyberpsychology and Behavior of Ministry of Education, School of Psychology, Central China Normal University, Wuhan, China. Electronic address: hjb@mail.ccnu.edu.cn;[Li, Yongxin] Institute of Psychology and Behavior, Henan University, Jinming Avenue, Kaifeng, Henan Province, China. Electronic address: liyongxin@henu.edu.cn
关键词：
Face perception;Internet gaming disorder;N170;Reward positivity;Social reward
摘要：
Previous research has found that individuals with Internet gaming disorder (IGD) show different patterns of social function impairments in game-related and real-life social contexts. Impaired social reward processing may be the underlying mechanism according to the Social Motivation Theory. Thus, in this study, event-related potentials were recorded from 24 individuals with IGD and 24 healthy gamers during a social judgement task. We focused on reward positivity (RewP) elicited by game-related and real-life social rewards, and N170 elicited by game avatar faces and real faces. These indicators were used to explore the neurocognitive mechanism of impaired social reward processing in individuals with IGD and its relationship with early face perception. Results showed that (1) the RewP elicited by real-life social reward was considerably reduced in individuals with IGD relative to healthy gamers. (2) The N170 elicited by game avatar faces in individuals with IGD was larger than that elicited by real faces. However, the N170 was not associated with RewP in either group. (3) The score for IGD severity was correlated with the RewP elicited by real-life social reward and the N170 elicited by game avatar face. In conclusion, the present study suggests that the impaired social reward processing in individuals with IGD is mainly manifested in a decreased neural sensitivity to real-life social reward. Meanwhile, the reduced RewP elicited by real-life social reward and the enhanced N170 elicited by game avatar face might serve as potential biomarkers for IGD.
期刊：
FRONTIERS IN PSYCHOLOGY,2024年14 ISSN：1664-1078
通讯作者：
Gu, CH;Hu, QP;Zheng, JH
作者机构：
[Guo, Yuncheng] Cent China Normal Univ, Sch Phys Educ & Sports, Wuhan, Peoples R China.;[Zheng, Qishan; Hou, Xinyu; Xu, Fanglei; Gu, Chuanhua; Wang, Lixia; Zhang, Yan; Yu, Yida; Qin, Keyi] Cent China Normal Univ, Sch Psychol, Wuhan, Peoples R China.;[Hu, Biying] Univ Macau, Fac Educ, Macau, Peoples R China.;[Hu, Qingping] Cent China Normal Univ, Campus Hosp, Wuhan, Peoples R China.;[Zheng, Jianhong; Zheng, JH] Lingnan Normal Univ, Dept Psychol, Zhanjiang, Guangdong, Peoples R China.
通讯机构：
[Hu, QP ; Gu, CH ] C;[Zheng, JH ] L;Cent China Normal Univ, Sch Psychol, Wuhan, Peoples R China.;Cent China Normal Univ, Campus Hosp, Wuhan, Peoples R China.;Lingnan Normal Univ, Dept Psychol, Zhanjiang, Guangdong, Peoples R China.
关键词：
physical exercise;life satisfaction;self-efficacy;meaning in life;chain mediating role;college students
摘要：
Meaning in life refers to an individual's capacity to understand and grasp the meaning of their own existence, as well as being aware of the goals, tasks, or missions in their personal life. Previous studies have found that college students lack meaning in life, but physical exercise can enhance it. In this study, 3,196 college students completed self-report questionnaires to assess self-efficacy, life satisfaction, physical exercise, and meaning in life. The results revealed that the physical exercise not only influenced an individual's perceived meaning in life directly, but also influenced it through self-efficacy. Furthermore, it confirmed the chain mediating role of self-efficacy and life satisfaction, whereby engaging in physical exercise can ultimately impact meaning in life through self-efficacy and life satisfaction. This discovery can help educators create interventions to improve college students' physical exercise engagement and overall life satisfaction.
