期刊：
BRITISH JOURNAL OF PSYCHOLOGY,2024年 ISSN：0007-1269
作者机构：
[Liu, Zhenzhen] School of Psychology, Central China Normal University, Wuhan, Hubei, China;[Ma, Rongzi; Sun, Xiaomin] Beijing Key Laboratory of Applied Experimental Psychology, National Demonstration Center for Experimental Psychology Education (Beijing Normal University), Faculty of Psychology, Beijing Normal University, Beijing, China;[Bao, Ruiji] Faculty of Business and Economics, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, SAR, China
摘要：
Greedy phenomena have dramatically increased in societies. However, despite the universality of greedy behaviour, empirical research on the causes of greed is scarce. In this context, we propose that perceived economic inequality may be an important factor influencing greed. Study 1 provided primary evidence of a positive relationship between perceived economic inequality and greed, based on data from a large-scale social survey (CFPS 2018, N = 14,317). Employing well-established questionnaires, Study 2A (N = 200) and Study 2B (N = 399) revealed that perceived economic inequality positively predicts greed, with relative deprivation playing a mediating role. Study 3A (N = 200) and Study 3B (N = 200) manipulated perceived economic inequality to provide causal evidence of its effects on greed and to replicate the mediating effect of relative deprivation. Finally, Study 4 (N = 372), using a blockage manipulation design, showed that the effect of perceived economic inequality on greed significantly decreases when relative deprivation is suppressed. In summary, the results of these six studies consistently suggest that perceived economic inequality positively affects greed and that this effect is mediated by relative deprivation.
期刊：
CHEMISTRY-AN ASIAN JOURNAL,2024年19(2):e202300860- ISSN：1861-4728
通讯作者：
Liu, SH;Hartl, F
作者机构：
[Yang, Xiao Fei; Liu, Sheng Hua; Liu, SH; Zhang, Ming-Xing] Cent China Normal Univ, Coll Chem, Natl Key Lab Green Pesticide, Wuhan 430079, Peoples R China.;[Zhang, Ming-Xing] Hubei Univ Educ, Coll Chem & Life Sci, Hubei Key Lab Purificat & Applicat Plant Anticanc, Wuhan 430205, Peoples R China.;[Hartl, Frantisek; Hartl, F] Univ Reading, Dept Chem, Reading RG6 6DX, England.
通讯机构：
[Liu, SH ] C;[Hartl, F ] U;Cent China Normal Univ, Coll Chem, Natl Key Lab Green Pesticide, Wuhan 430079, Peoples R China.;Univ Reading, Dept Chem, Reading RG6 6DX, England.
摘要：
The reviewed literature documents that certain metallaaromatics with unconventional photophysical properties, redox and electronic transport properties and magnetism, have potential to be widely used in diverse practical applications, with selected examples of amino acid identification, photothermal effects, functional materials, photodynamic therapy (PDT) in biomedicine, single‐molecule junction conductors, and electron‐transport layer materials (ETLs) in solar cells. Abstract In recent years, the field of organometallic chemistry has made a great progress and diverse types of metallaaromatics have successively been reported. In those studies, incorporation of ligated osmium centers into metallaaromatic systems played a prominent role. The reviewed literature documents that certain metallaaromatics with unconventional photophysical properties, redox and electronic transport properties and magnetism, have potential to be widely used in diverse practical applications, with selected examples of amino acid and fluoride anion identification, photothermal effects, functional materials, photodynamic therapy (PDT) in biomedicine, single‐molecule junction conductors, and electron‐transport layer materials (ETLs) in solar cells.
摘要：
As one of the most widely used disinfectants, active chlorine is synthesized predominantly through electrolysis of saturated sodium chloride solutions, an industrial process known as the chlor-alkali process, with high energy consumption. Seawater is an abundant source of chloride and thus an ideal alternative electrolyte. However, substantial challenges are to be addressed, notably the competing oxygen evolution reaction and progressive anode passivation due to the presence of rich cations in seawater. Here, we show durable and efficient active chlorine electrosynthesis directly from natural seawater with intrinsic turnover frequency and mass activity two orders of magnitude higher than the state of the art. The essential chemistry is an Fe-doped Ti4O7 anode that strengthens the electrophilicity of lattice oxygen to allow for site-selective chloride activation at remarkably lowered kinetic overpotentials relative to the oxygen evolution reaction, while also impeding the precipitation of alkaline earth metal cations on the Ti4O7 surface. A seawater splitting device with an integrated commercial silicon photovoltaic cell delivers an impressive active chlorine production rate of 3.15 mg min-1 for effective simulated ballast water disinfection. This work suggests the possibility to substantially improve the sustainability of the chlor-alkali process without compromising the synthetic performance for the mass production of disinfectants. This work shows a delicate titanium suboxide-based anode design for electrolysis of seawater, delivering selective production of active chlorine for on-site disinfection.
作者机构：
[Wan, Qing-Yu; Li, Min; Shu, Wen-Ming; Lin, Ri-Lan; Yu, Wei-Chu; Peng, Yan-Qing] Yangtze Univ, Coll Chem & Environm Engn, Hubei Engn Res Ctr Clean Prod & Pollut Control Oil, Jingzhou 434023, Peoples R China.;[Wu, An-Xin] Cent China Normal Univ, Int Joint Res Ctr Intelligent Biosensor Technol &, Natl Key Lab Green Pesticide, Wuhan 430079, Peoples R China.
通讯机构：
[Shu, WM; Yu, WC ] Y;Yangtze Univ, Coll Chem & Environm Engn, Hubei Engn Res Ctr Clean Prod & Pollut Control Oil, Jingzhou 434023, Peoples R China.
摘要：
An iodine-mediated cyclization has been developed to 4-aryl-NH-1,2,3-triazoles, with p-toluenesulfonyl hydrazide and sulfamic acid used as nitrogen sources. Sulfamic acid plays a crucial role in this reaction by both acting as a substrate and providing an acidic environment. This reaction offers a metal- and azide-free strategy to access NH-1,2,3-triazoles.
摘要：
Visual Dialog aims to answer an appropriate response based on a multi-round dialog history and a given image. Existing methods either focus on semantic interaction, or implicitly capture coarse-grained structural interaction (e.g., pronoun co-references). The fine-grained and explicit structural interaction feature for dialog history is seldom explored, resulting in insufficient feature learning and difficulty in capturing precise context. To address these issues, we propose a structure-aware dual-level graph interactive network (SDGIN) that integrates verb-specific semantic roles and co-reference resolution to explicitly capture context structural features for discriminative and generative tasks in visual dialog. Specifically, we create a novel structural interaction graph that injects syntactic knowledge priors into dialog by introducing semantic role labeling that imply which words are sentence stems. Furthermore, considering the single perspective limitation of previous algorithms, we design a dual-perspective mechanism that learns fine-grained token-level context structure features and coarse-grained utterance-level interactions in parallel. It possess an elegant view to explore precise context interactions, realizing the mutual complementation and enhancement of different granularity features. Experimental results show the superiority of our proposed approach. Compared to other task-specific models, our SDGIN outperforms previous models and achieves a significant improvement on the benchmark dataset VisDial v1.0.
期刊：
EUROPEAN PHYSICAL JOURNAL-SPECIAL TOPICS,2024年:1-14 ISSN：1951-6355
通讯作者：
Ya Jia
作者机构：
[Qianming Ding; Yong Wu; Weifang Huang; Ya Jia] Department of Physics, Central China Normal University, Wuhan, China
通讯机构：
[Ya Jia] D;Department of Physics, Central China Normal University, Wuhan, China
摘要：
The mathematical optimization techniques may control the network to target firing patterns by adjusting the weights of network nodes. Inspired by the dynamics of dynamical learning, we recently proposed a technique for dynamic learning of synchronous (DLS) to control the firing state of neural networks. In this study, we apply the DLS technique to a Hodgkin–Huxley-style neural network, and investigate in regular, random, small-world and scale-free networks. We use the DLS technique to accomplish the network adaptive global synchronization, adaptive local synchronization, and phase locking with a single supervisory node. Furthermore, we investigated the robustness of the DLS technique in noisy environments and find that the DLS technique demonstrates remarkable effectiveness even in the presence of weak noise. However, in scenarios with stronger noise, there is a trade-off between optimizing training and avoiding overfitting, i.e., a too narrow weight adjustment range may hinder training effectiveness, while an excessively wide range results in abnormal node firing dynamics. We expect the DLS technique to be potentially valuable for more studies of nonlinear systems.
摘要：
Whether parental educational expectations for adolescents serve as a source of motivation or stress depends on the extent to which adolescents hold expectations for themselves. Previous research on the discrepancies between parental and adolescent educational expectations and their impact on learning engagement has been limited by traditional statistical tests, and lacking an examination of the internal mediating mechanism of parent-child relational quality from both parental and adolescent perspectives. This cross-sectional study, utilizing a multi-informant design, examined the association between discrepancies in parents' and adolescents' reports of expectations, and adolescents' study engagement, as well as the mediating role of parent-child relational qualities perceived by both parties. The sample for this study consisted of 455 adolescents and their parents from 10 classes in a junior high school in Wuhan, Hubei Province, China. The adolescents had an average age of 12.8 years, and 51.6% of them were boys. Both parents and adolescents reported on their expectations and perceived relational quality, while adolescents also filled out questionnaires assessing their learning engagement. Data were analyzed using polynomial regressions with response surface analysis. The results revealed that when adolescents reported high expectations, regardless of whether their parents reported high or low expectations, adolescents reported satisfied relationships and high learning engagement. In contrast, parents reported satisfied relationships when both parties reported high expectations, or when parents reported higher expectations than adolescents. Lastly, the association between discrepancies in expectations and learning engagement was significantly mediated by adolescent-reported relationships but not parent-reported ones. These findings highlight the importance of considering multiple perspectives when studying the association between expectations and adolescent study engagement. This research advances our comprehension of the dynamics between parent-adolescent educational expectation discrepancies and adolescent learning engagement, offering insights for more nuanced and effective parenting strategies tailored to foster optimal educational outcomes.
期刊：
IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON LEARNING TECHNOLOGIES,2024年17:1353-1366 ISSN：1939-1382
作者机构：
[Xu Chen; Di Wu] Faculty of Artificial Intelligence in Education, Central China Normal University, Wuhan, China
摘要：
Generative artificial intelligence (AI) is widely recognized as one of the most influential technologies for the future, having sparked a paradigm shift in scientific research. The field of education has also been greatly impacted by this transformative technology, with researchers exploring the applications of generative AI, particularly ChatGPT, in education. However, existing research primarily focuses on generating text from text, and there remains a relative scarcity of studies on leveraging multimodal generation capabilities to address key challenges in multimodal data supported instruction. In this article, we present a technical framework for generating Tang poetry situational videos, emphasizing the utilization of generative AI to address the need for multimedia teaching resources. Our framework comprises three main modules: textual situational comprehension, image creation, and video generation. Moreover, we have developed a situational video generation system that incorporates various technologies, including text-to-text generation models, text-to-image generation models, image interpolation, text-to-speech synthesis, and video synthesis. To ascertain the efficacy of the modules within the Tang poetry situational video generation system, we undertook a comparative analysis utilizing the prevalent text-to-image and text-to-video generation models. The empirical findings indicate that our approach is capable of generating images that exhibit greater semantic similarity with the poems, thereby enabling a better comprehension of the poem's connotations and its key components. Concurrently, the Tang poetry videos generated can significantly contribute to the reduction of cognitive load and the enhancement of understanding during the learning process. Our research showcases the potential of generative AI in the education field, specifically in the domain of multimodal teaching resources.
作者机构：
[Li, Yong; Lou, Ruitao] Hohai Univ, Coll Environm, Key Lab Integrated Regulat & Resource Dev Shallow, Minist Educ, Nanjing, Jiangsu, Peoples R China.;[Jiang, Qianjing; Lou, Ruitao; He, Yong; Wu, Qingguan] Zhejiang Univ, Biosyst Engn, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, Peoples R China.;[Li, Yong] Hohai Univ, Natl Engn Res Ctr Water Resources Efficient Utiliz, Nanjing, Jiangsu, Peoples R China.;[Liu, Ying] Northwest A&F Univ, Inst Soil & Water Conservat, State Key Lab Soil Eros & Dryland Farming Loess Pl, Yangling, Peoples R China.;[Liu, Ji] Cent China Normal Univ, Hubei Prov Key Lab Geog Proc Anal & Simulat, Wuhan, Peoples R China.
通讯机构：
[Jiang, QJ ] Z;[Li, Y ] H;Hohai Univ, Coll Environm, Key Lab Integrated Regulat & Resource Dev Shallow, Minist Educ, Nanjing, Jiangsu, Peoples R China.;Zhejiang Univ, Biosyst Engn, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, Peoples R China.
关键词：
Green manure;Greenhouse gas;Methane;Nitrous oxide;Global warming potential intensity
摘要：
Green manure is a widely applied to increase grain yield, while it also attributes to greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions in agriculture ecosystems. Combining green manure with inorganic fertilizer inputs is a common practice that can influence soil GHG emissions and grain yield, however, its impacts on grain yield and global warming potential (GWP) under different initial soil conditions before rotating experiments and agronomic management in paddy fields remain unclear. We synthesized 508 data pairs to evaluate the responses of CO2 emissions, CH4 emissions, N2O emissions, and grain yield to combined inputs of green manure plus inorganic fertilizer compared with only inorganic fertilizer application. Our findings indicate that both inorganic fertilizer plus extra green manure (GM-E) and green manure substitutes for inorganic fertilizer (GM-S) could increase CO2 emissions (22.5 %-76.8 %), CH4 emissions (100 %-103 %), N2O emissions (29.8 %-50.9 %), and yield (2.21 %-19.6 %). Except for GM-E, which showed a non-significant increase in grain yield. The initial soil properties before rotating experiments, the types and timing of green manure application were key drivers of GHG emissions and yield, and extra green manure applied in areas with low initial soil pH and high C:N can increase GWP and yield. Overall, the mixed green manure application had greater impact than leguminous or non-leguminous green manure applied alone. The responses of GHG emissions and yield to GM-S were modulated by mean annual precipitation and initial soil properties before rotating experiments, and green manure substitutes for inorganic fertilizer in areas with high initial soil pH and low C:N can increase GWP and yield. Meanwhile, excessive precipitation caused a reduction in yield and a significant increase in GWP intensity. Our results showed that extra green manure applications of less than 68.1 kg N ha-1 would not significantly increase GWP. Therefore, an effective green manure strategy can achieve a win-win situation for the dual challenge of agricultural production and climate change mitigation.
摘要：
Pyroptosis has garnered significant interest due to its involvement in cancer progression and potential to trigger inflammation and host immune responses. While many efforts have been made to induce pyroptosis using chemotherapeutic agents, these approaches often result in off-target effects, drug resistance, and unwanted systemic toxicity. Furthermore, the non-specific activation of pyroptosis could lead to pro-inflammatory death, creating a microenvironment that potentially heightens the chances of cancer proliferation and metastasis. To solve these limitations, photon-evoking pyroptosis engineering has emerged as a promising approach due to its precise spatiotemporal control, non-invasiveness, and reduced side effects. In this context, this work provides an overview of recent advancements in the molecular mechanisms of pyroptosis, and explore various effective strategies associated with different mode of photon-evoked pyroptosis based on the pyroptosis pathway. Thereafter, we put forth our perspectives on the challenges and prospects of utilizing photon-evoked pyroptosis in anticancer therapy.
