摘要：
Graphene-based nanomaterials (GBNs) consist of a single or few layers of graphene sheets or modified graphene including pristine graphene, graphene nanosheets (GNS), graphene oxide (GO), reduced graphene oxide (rGO), as well as graphene modified with various functional groups or chemicals (e.g., hydroxyl, carboxyl, and polyethylene glycol), which are frequently used in industrial and biomedical applications owing to their exceptional physicochemical properties. Given the widespread production and extensive application of GBNs, they can be disseminated in a wide range of environmental mediums, such as air, water, food, and soil. GBNs can enter the human body through various routes such as inhalation, ingestion, dermal penetration, injection, and implantation in biomedical applications, and the majority of GBNs tend to accumulate in the respiratory system. GBNs inhaled and substantially deposited in the human respiratory tract may impair lung defenses and clearance, resulting in the formation of granulomas and pulmonary fibrosis. However, the specific toxicity of the respiratory system caused by different GBNs, their influencing factors, and the underlying mechanisms remain relatively scarce. This review summarizes recent advances in the exposure, metabolism, toxicity and potential mechanisms, current limitations, and future perspectives of various GBNs in the respiratory system.
摘要：
Previous studies have reported the association between particulate matter (PM) and childhood allergic rhinitis (AR). However, it is unclear whether food allergy (FA) modifies the PM-AR association. We aimed at evaluating the effect of the modification of FA on PM-AR association in preschool children. We adopted a cross-sectional study and conducted a questionnaire survey among preschool children aged 3-6 years in 7 cities in China from June 2019 to June 2020 to collect information on AR and FA. We used a combination of multilevel logistic regression and restricted cubic spline functions to quantitatively assess whether FA modifies the associations between size-specific PM exposure (1 × 1 km) and the risk of AR. The adjusted odds ratios (ORs) for AR among the children with FA as per a 10 μg/m(3) increase in early life PM(1), PM(2.5), and PM(10) were significantly higher than the corresponding ORs among the children without FA [e.g., OR: 1.58, 95% CI: (1.32, 1.90) vs 1.29, 95% CI: (1.18, 1.41), per 10 μg/m(3) increase in PM(1)]. The interactions between FA and size-specific PM exposure and their effects on AR were statistically significant (all p-int < 0.001). FA, as an important part of the allergic disease progression, may modify the PM-AR association in preschool children.
作者机构：
[Song, Hang; Zhou, Lei; Wang, Shenqi; Ge, Jing; Xu, Pengxin] Huazhong Univ Sci & Technol, Coll Life Sci & Technol, Wuhan 430074, Peoples R China.;[Wan, Ying; Tan, Ronghua] Huazhong Univ Sci & Technol, Coll Life Sci & Technol, Natl Engn Res Ctr Nanomed, Wuhan 430074, Peoples R China.;[Gao, Qian] Huazhong Univ Sci & Technol, Coll Life Sci & Technol, Key Lab Mol Biophys, Minist Educ, Wuhan 430074, Hubei, Peoples R China.;[Li, Rui] Cent China Normal Univ, Sch Life Sci, Wuhan 430079, Peoples R China.
通讯机构：
[Shenqi Wang; Lei Zhou; Shenqi Wang Shenqi Wang Shenqi Wang; Lei Zhou Lei Zhou Lei Zhou] C;[Ying Wan; Ying Wan Ying Wan Ying Wan] N;College of Life Science and Technology, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430074 P. R. China<&wdkj&>National Engineering Research Center for Nanomedicine, College of Life Science and Technology, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430074 P. R. China
摘要：
A new type of ketamine (KA)‐loaded nanoparticle (AC‐RM@HA‐MS‐KA) with specific targeting capabilities is developed to improve the efficacy of KA treatment. They can sustainably accumulate at the N‐methyl‐d‐aspartate receptor sites, effectively alleviate depressive symptoms, circumvent KA‐induced addiction, and significantly improve cognitive functions. Abstract Ketamine (KA), commonly used as an anesthetic, is now widely studied as an antidepressant for the treatment of depression. However, due to its side effects, such as addiction and cognitive impairment, the dosage and frequency of (S)‐ketamine approved by the FDA for the treatment of refractory depression is very low, which limits its efficacy. Here, a new multifunctional nanocarrier system (AC‐RM@HA‐MS) with specific targeting capabilities is developed to improve the efficacy of KA treatment. KA‐loaded NPs (AC‐RM@HA‐MS‐KA) are constructed with a multilayer core–shell structure. KA‐loaded mesoporous silica NPs are prepared, conjugated with hyaluronic acid (HA) as pore gatekeepers, and sheathed with an RBC‐membrane (RM) for camouflage. Finally, the surface is tagged with bifunctional peptides (Ang‐2‐Con‐G, AC) to achieve specific targeting. One peptide (Ang‐2) is acted as a guide to facilitate the crossing of the blood–brain barrier (BBB), while the other (Con‐G) is functioned as a ligand for the targeted delivery of KA to the N‐methyl‐D‐aspartate receptor sites. Animal experiments reveal that AC‐RM@HA‐MS‐KA NPs effectively cross the BBB and directionally accumulate in the curing areas, thereby alleviating the depressive symptoms and improving the cognitive functions of depressed mice. After treatment, the depressed mice almost completely return to normal without obvious symptoms of addiction.
摘要：
Studies have shown that exposure to either microplastics (MPs) or di-(2-ethylhexyl) phthalic acid (DEHP) alone can cause neurotoxicity in animals, but it remains uncertain whether and to what extent co-exposure to these two substances, which often occur together in reality, can also induce neurotoxicity. This study aimed to investigate the neurotoxicity and molecular mechanisms of combined exposure to DEHP and polypropylene microplastics (synthetic PP-MPs were used), the microplastics most commonly encountered by young children, in immature mice. The results showed that exposure to PP-MPs and/or DEHP did cause neurotoxic effects in immature mice, including induction of neurocognitive and memory deficits, damage to the CA3 region of the hippocampus, increased oxidative stress, and decreased AChE activity in the brain. The severity of the neurotoxicity increased with increasing concentrations of PP-MPs, combined exposure to PP-MPs and DEHP exhibited additive or synergistic effects. Transcriptomic analyses revealed that the PP-MPs and/or DEHP exposure altered the expression profiles of gene clusters involved in the stress response, and in protein processing in endoplasmic reticulum. Quantitative analyses further indicated that PP-MPs and/or DEHP exposure inhibited the activity of the heat shock response mediated by heat shock transcription factor 1, while chronically activated the unfolded protein response, consequently inducing neurotoxicity through neuronal apoptosis and neuroinflammation in the immature mice. As a pioneer study to highlight the neurotoxicity induced by combined exposure to PP-MPs and DEHP in immature mice, this research provides new insights into mitigating the health risks of PP-MPs and DEHP exposure in young children.
期刊：
Science of The Total Environment,2022年845:157364 ISSN：0048-9697
通讯作者：
Jian Han
作者机构：
[Zhu, Biran; Hua, Jianghuan] Hubei Univ Chinese Med, Sch Basic Med Sci, Wuhan 430065, Peoples R China.;[Zhou, Bingsheng; Zhu, Biran; Yang, Lihua; Fu, Kaiyu; Lei, Lei; Han, Jian] Chinese Acad Sci, Inst Hydrobiol, State Key Lab Freshwater Ecol & Biotechnol, Wuhan 430072, Peoples R China.;[Zhao, Songlin] Cent China Normal Univ, Inst Nanosci & Nanotechnol, Coll Phys Sci & Technol, Wuhan 430079, Peoples R China.;[Li, Rui] Cent China Normal Univ, Sch Life Sci, Hubei Key Lab Genet Regulat & Integrat Biol, Wuhan 430079, Peoples R China.
通讯机构：
[Jian Han] S;State Key Laboratory of Freshwater Ecology and Biotechnology, Institute of Hydrobiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan 430072, China
关键词：
Chorion;Co-exposure;Neurotoxicity;SiO(2) nanoparticles;Tetrabromobisphenol A
摘要：
Silicon dioxide nanoparticles (n-SiO(2)) absorb tetrabromobisphenol A (TBBPA) and modify its bioavailability and toxicity in the aquatic phase; embryonic chorion is an efficient barrier against nanoparticles (e.g., SiO(2)) and influences their toxicity. However, few studies have investigated developmental neurotoxicity in fish after co-exposure to TBBPA and n-SiO(2), especially considering the barrier function of the chorion. In the present study, zebrafish embryos were exposed to TBBPA (50, 100, and 200 μg/L) alone or in combination with n-SiO(2) (25 mg/L) until 24 or 120 h post fertilization (hpf), in the presence and absence of the chorion. The results confirmed that TBBPA exposure alone significantly downregulated the expression of neurodevelopment marker genes (mbp, alpha-tubulin, shha, and gfap), altered acetylcholinesterase activity and acetylcholine content, and affected locomotor behavior at different developmental stages. Moreover, the results indicated that n-SiO(2) promoted TBBPA-induced neurotoxic effects in zebrafish larvae at 120 hpf, including further repression of the transcription of CNS-related genes, disruption of the cholinergic system, and decrease in the average swimming speed under dark/light stimulation. However, scanning electron microscopy/energy dispersive spectroscopy analysis revealed that at 24 hpf, the embryonic chorion efficiently blocked n-SiO(2) and consequently decreased the bioaccumulation of TBBPA and TBBPA-induced neurotoxicity in dechorionated zebrafish embryos. Taken together, the results demonstrate that n-SiO(2) affected the bioavailability and neurodevelopmental toxicity of TBBPA, and their combined toxicity to zebrafish embryos was mitigated by embryonic chorion, which will facilitate risk assessment on n-SiO(2) and TBBPA and improve understanding the function of the fish embryonic chorion.
作者机构：
[Niu, Wei; Chen, Jiahui; Guo, Xinbiao; Deng, Furong; Wang, Wanzhou] Peking Univ, Sch Publ Hlth, Dept Occupat & Environm Hlth Sci, Beijing 100191, Peoples R China.;[Huang, Chen] Univ Shanghai Sci & Technol, Sch Environm & Architecture, Shanghai 200093, Peoples R China.;[Zhang, Zhihong] Shanxi Med Univ, Sch Publ Hlth, Dept Environm Hlth, Shanxi 030001, Peoples R China.;[Ma, Le; Wu, Shaowei] Xi An Jiao Tong Univ, Sch Publ Hlth, Shaanxi 710061, Peoples R China.;[Li, Rui] Cent China Normal Univ, Sch Life Sci, Hubei Key Lab Genet Regulat & Integrat Biol, Wuhan 430079, Peoples R China.
通讯机构：
[Xinbiao Guo; Furong Deng] D;Department of Occupational and Environmental Health Sciences, School of Public Health, Peking University, Beijing, 100191, China
关键词：
Air pollution;Blood pressure;Heart rate variability;Lung function;Particulate matter;Respirator
摘要：
Wearing a respirator is generally the most convenient individual intervention against ambient particulate matter (PM), and therefore there has been considerable research into its effectiveness. However, the effects of respirator intervention under different PM concentration settings have been insufficiently elucidated. We conducted a randomized, blinded, crossover intervention study in four representative cities in China in which 128 healthy university students spent 2-h walking along a busy road wearing either a real or a sham respirator and then spent the next 5-h indoors away from traffic pollution. Lung function, blood pressure, and heart rate variability were continuously measured throughout the visit. Linear mixed-effect models were fitted to evaluate the protective effects of respirator intervention on the cardiopulmonary indicators. Results showed that the beneficial effects of respirator intervention were only occasionally significant at specific time points or in specific cities or in selected parameters. Overall, respirator intervention was associated with reduced SBP (6.2 vs. 11.5mmHg compared to baseline, p<0.05) and increased LF (44 vs. 35ms(2) compared to baseline, p<0.05) over the 2-h walk, but no significant effects were found over the 7-h period. Respirators have significant effect modifications on the associations between PM(2.5)/PM(10) and the cardiopulmonary indicators, but the directions of effects were inconsistent. The intercity difference in the effects of respirator intervention was found significant, with Taiyuan and Shanghai to be the two cities with lower personal PM concentrations but more pronounced benefits. In conclusion, reducing personal exposure to PM can have some beneficial effects in some scenarios. However, respirators may not provide sufficient protection from air pollution overall, and we should avoid over-reliance on respirators and accelerate efforts to reduce emissions of pollutants in the first place. Despite standardized procedures, we found inconsistency in results across cities, consistent with the previous literature.
作者机构：
[Wei, Tingting; Zheng, Lifang; Zhao, Yuanteng; Lu, Haonan; Li, Rui; Huang, Jiawei; Lu, Xianxian; Lv, Ke; Li, Beibei; Gong, Cunyi] Cent China Normal Univ, Sch Life Sci, Hubei Key Lab Genet Regulat & Integrat Biol, Wuhan 430079, Peoples R China.;[Lu, Xianxian] Hebei Inst Mech & Elect Technol, Dept Mat & Architectural Engn, Xingtai 054002, Peoples R China.
通讯机构：
[Rui Li] H;Hubei Key Laboratory of Genetic Regulation and Integrative Biology, School of Life Sciences, Central China Normal University, Wuhan, 430079, China
作者：
Mao, Lin;Zheng, Lifang;You, Huihui;Ullah, Muhammad Wajid;Cheng, Haoyan;...
期刊：
Environmental Science and Pollution Research,2021年28(30):40793-40807 ISSN：0944-1344
通讯作者：
Li, Rui
作者机构：
[Guo, Qing; Zheng, Lifang; Li, Rui; You, Huihui; Mao, Lin] Cent China Normal Univ, Sch Life Sci, Hubei Key Lab Genet Regulat & Integrat Biol, Wuhan 430079, Peoples R China.;[Mao, Lin; Ullah, Muhammad Wajid] Huazhong Univ Sci & Technol, Coll Life Sci & Technol, Dept Biomed Engn, Wuhan 430074, Peoples R China.;[Cheng, Haoyan; Zhu, Zhihong] Cent China Normal Univ, Coll Phys Sci & Technol, Inst Nanosci & Nanotechnol, Wuhan 430079, Peoples R China.;[Xi, Zhuge] Tianjin Inst Environm & Operat Med, Dept Operat Med, Tianjin 300050, Peoples R China.;[Cheng, Haoyan] Henan Univ Sci & Technol, Sch Mat Sci & Engn, Luoyang 471023, Peoples R China.
通讯机构：
[Li, Rui] H;Hubei Key Laboratory of Genetic Regulation and Integrative Biology, School of Life Sciences, Central China Normal University, Wuhan, 430079, China.
摘要：
Tungsten trioxide nanoparticles (WO(3) NPs) have shown increasing promise in biological and biomedical fields in recent years. However, their possible hazards, especially the adverse effects related to their sizes on human health and environment, are still yet poorly understood. In this study, we compared the hepatotoxicity in mice induced by WO(3) nanorods of two different lengths (125-200 nm and 0.8-2 μm) via intraperitoneal injection, and explored the protective role of melatonin, an antioxidant, against the hepatotoxicity. The results showed that 10 mg/kg/day of shorter WO(3) nanorods could cause obvious hepatic function impairment, histopathological lesions, and significant enhancement in levels of oxidative stress and inflammation in mouse liver. However, similar effects were found only in the 20 mg/kg/day longer WO(3) nanorods-treated mice, and these adverse effects were attenuated by pretreatment with melatonin. These findings indicate that WO(3) nanorods can exert hepatotoxicity in mice in a dose- and length-dependent manner, and that shorter WO(3) nanorods cause more severe hepatotoxicity than their longer counterparts. Melatonin could serve as an effective protective agent against the longer WO(3) nanorods-induced hepatotoxicity by decreasing the oxidative stress level. This study is important for determining the environmental and human health risks of exposure to WO(3) NPs and their size-dependent toxicity, and provides an appealing strategy to avoid the adverse effects. WO(3) nanorods with different lengths can exert hepatotoxicity in mice, in a dose- and length-dependent manner. Short WO(3) nanorods causes more severe hepatic injury than long ones. Melatonin exhibits an effectively protective effects against WO(3) nanorods-induced hepatic injury through reducing the oxidative stress level.
作者：
Zhao, Yun;Magana, Laura C.;Cui, Haiyan;Huang, Jiawei;McHale, Cliona M.;...
期刊：
Archives of Toxicology,2021年95(2):693-701 ISSN：0340-5761
通讯作者：
Zhang, Luoping;Li, Rui
作者机构：
[Zhang, Luoping; McHale, Cliona M.; Zhao, Yun; Magana, Laura C.] Univ Calif Berkeley, Sch Publ Hlth, Div Environm Hlth Sci, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA.;[Li, Rui; Yang, Xu; Zhao, Yun; Huang, Jiawei; Cui, Haiyan] Cent China Normal Univ, Sch Life Sci, Hubei Key Lab Genet Regulat & Integrat Biol, Wuhan, Peoples R China.;[Looney, Mark R.] Univ Calif San Francisco UCSF, Dept Med, San Francisco, CA USA.;[Looney, Mark R.] Univ Calif San Francisco UCSF, Dept Lab Med, San Francisco, CA USA.
通讯机构：
[Zhang, Luoping] U;[Li, Rui] C;Univ Calif Berkeley, Sch Publ Hlth, Div Environm Hlth Sci, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA.;Cent China Normal Univ, Sch Life Sci, Hubei Key Lab Genet Regulat & Integrat Biol, Wuhan, Peoples R China.
作者机构：
[Shen, Zhuping; Liu, Guozhen; Wei, Hui] Cent China Normal Univ, Int Joint Res Ctr Intelligent Biosensor Technol &, Wuhan 430079, Peoples R China.;[Li, Rui; Huang, Jiawei] Cent China Normal Univ, Sch Life Sci, Hubei Key Lab Genet Regulat & Integrat Biol, Wuhan 430079, Peoples R China.;[Niu, Huan; Li, Bitong; Liu, Guozhen] Univ New South Wales, Fac Engn, Grad Sch Biomed Engn, Sydney, NSW 2052, Australia.;[Liu, Guozhen] Univ New South Wales, Australian Ctr NanoMed, Sydney, NSW 2052, Australia.;[Liu, Guozhen] Univ New South Wales, Grad Sch Biomed Engn, Sydney, NSW, Australia.
通讯机构：
[Liu, Guozhen] U;Univ New South Wales, Grad Sch Biomed Engn, Sydney, NSW, Australia.
关键词：
Cytokines;Electrochemical immunosensors;Multiplex sensing;In vivo detection;Parkinson's disease;Mouse brain
摘要：
The toxicity of formaldehyde (FA) has always been of great concern, particularly since its use is unavoidable. On the other hand, epigallocatechin-3-gallate (EGCG), an active substance in tea polyphenols, has been shown to demonstrate physiological protective functions by in both epidemiological and zoological studies, particularly in the nervous system. The study described here, aims to explore whether EGCG can alleviate the neurotoxic effects induced by formaldehyde. After 14 days of exposure to 3 mg/m(3) formaldehyde, mice exhibited significant cognitive impairment. In the FA group, a significant increase in iNOS level compared with the control group was observed. The reduced GSH level was significantly decreased. The levels of IL-1beta, TNF-alpha and Caspase-3 were obviously raised, while H&E and Nissl staining illustrated significant neuronal damage. After administering EGCG as a protective agent, all the above observed changes were reversed, and the protective effect of EGCG became gradually evident in the 20-500 mg/kg range. Immunohistochemistry results showed that EGCG could activate the Nrf2 signaling pathway, thus alleviating the oxidative damage caused by formaldehyde.
